Compendium of Research on Family Violence and Offender Family Functioning

No. FV-01 Prepared by:
Lynne MacLean
Evelyne Vallières
Jana Comeau
Research and Statistics Branch
Correctional Service of Canada

We wish to give special thanks to Evelyn McCauley and Cathy Delnef for their assistance in the finalization of this report.

December, 1993

Family violence is a vast social problem in Canadian society. As one response to the urgency of this problem, the Correctional Service of Canada has launched a research program addressing family violence as it relates to federal offenders and their families. The hope is that the results of our work will inform the body of literature accumulating on this issue and inform the development of initiatives to address family violence. Our research activities in this area are part of the Government of Canada's Family Violence Initiative, a multi-departmental and multi-year commitment to dealing with family violence.

One product of the Correctional Service of Canada's family violence research program is this compendium of research on family functioning in offender families. The entries in this directory are the responses we received to a survey that was sent to universities, colleges and non-academic agencies across Canada. The survey collected information from these various institutions on their family violence research projects.

The main purpose of this compendium is to compile information on family violence research projects into an easy-to-follow directory that may be used as a reference tool. As well, we wanted to give exposure to the researchers active in this field, and to educate readers about the work of their colleagues.

In the first section of the compendium, you will find indexes which cross-reference all the entries according to:

1. subject matter (see pages ii to ix),
2. first author (see pages x to xii), and
3. the type of methodology used (see pages xiii to xix).

Please note that entries may be listed under more than one subheading.

Beginning on page 2, after the indexes, you will find brief research abstracts of all the entries. These are listed in alphabetical order by author.

Concluding the document are brief summaries of the recently announced Research Centres on Family Violence to be funded over the next five years by Health and Welfare Canada and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council.

SUBJECT MATTER

This section references each entry according to the main subject matter with which the researcher is dealing. The references are listed in alphabetical order according to the first author. The main topic headings are: "victims", which is further subdivided into women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities, abusers, "spousal assault", "drug and alcohol abuse", "native people", and "general". As previously noted, some entries may be cross-referenced if the study appears to deal with more than one of the major topic areas.

VICTIMS

WOMEN:

Comack, E.:
Women Offenders Experiences with Physical and Sexual Abuse

Gabor, T.:
Turning Point Evaluation

Gartner, R.; Crawford, M.:
Women Killed by Intimate Male Partners

Geller, G.:
Justice for Women Victims and Survivors of Abuse

Hoffman, B.; Sinclair, D.; Currie, D. M.; Jaffe, P.:
Family Violence

Mc Dougall, D.:
Wife Assault: Successful Treatment Outcomes

New Brunswick Advisory Council on the Status of Women:
How Well is the Criminal Code Applied In New Brunswick in Cases of Wife Assault

Renner, K.E.:
Psycho-Social Aspects of Legal Issues of Sexual Assault Cases Before the Courts Smith, M.J.:
Transition Houses, Safe Home Programs, Programs for Batterers

Stalker, C.A.; Davies, F.:
Adult Female Victims of Childhood Sexual Assault: Attachment, Organization, and Adaptation

Thibault, G.:
Battered and Still Not Beaten: The Social and Political Dynamics of Spousal Assault

Van Dieten, M.:
Family Enrichment Program

Wolfe, D.A.; Wekerle, C.; McGee, R.; Gough, R.:
Violence Against Women

Yurchesyn, K.A.; Keith, A.; Renner, K.E.:
Contrasting Perspectives on the Nature of Sexual Assault Provided by a Service for Sexual Assault Victims and by the Law Courts

CHILDREN:

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Child Witness of Abuse Program

Balshaw, B.:
Inter-Generational Transmission of Violent Behaviour; Negative Cases

Cudmore, L.:
Sibling Violence: Psychological, Physical and Sexual

Geller, G.:
Justice for Women Victims and Survivors of Abuse

Hoffman, B.; Sinclair, D.; Currie, D.M.; Jaffe, P.:
Wife Assault: Understanding and Helping the Women, Men and Children

Hudson, J.:
Child Sexual Abuse Programming

Palacio-Quintin, E.; Ethier,L.; Jourdan-Ionescu, C.; Lacharité, C.:
Children and Parental Negligence

Stalker, C.A.; Davies, F.:
Adult Female Victims of Childhood Sexual Assault: Attachment, Organization, and Adaptation

Van Dieten, M.:
Family Enrichment Program

Van Dieten, M.:
Overcoming Family Violence: A Program for Adolescents

PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES:

Sobsey, D.:
Child Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Sexual Assault, and Battery Experienced by People with Disabilities

Sobsey, D.:
Institutional Abuse of People with Disabilities

Sobsey, D.:
Offenders with Disabilities

Sobsey, D.; Bibby, M.A.; Mansell, S.:
Abuse and Disability: Patterns, Incidence, Prevention Strategies, Treatment (Sexual and Physical Abuse)

ELDERLY:

Bond, J.; Penner, R.; Yellen, P.:
Relationships Between Laws and Elder Abuse

Ross. M.N.:
Abuse of the Elderly

ABUSERS:

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Couple's Communication Group

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Ending the Cycle of Abuse: A Men's Support Group

Bell, J.; Browning, J.; Hamilton, A.:
Development of Treatment Standards for Assaultive Men

Cadsky, O.:
Analysis of Information About Violent Patients Seen in Clinic

Cudmore, L.:
Sibling Violence: Psychological, Physical and Sexual

Gabor, T.:
Turning Point Evaluation

Gartner, R.; Crawford, M.:
Women Killed by Intimate Male Partners

Hart, S.:
Abuse in Family of Origin in Federally Incarcerated Offenders; Wife Assaulters

Hoffman, B.; Sinclair, D.; Currie, D.M.; Jaffe, P.:
Wife Assault: Understanding and Helping the Women, Men and Children

Lescheid, A.; Andrews, D.; Hoge, R.:
Youth at Risk of Becoming Young Offenders: Profiles, Programs, and Service Strategies

Mc Dougall, D.:
Wife Assault: Successful Treatment Outcomes

Ogloff, J.; Dutton, D.:
Treatment of Assaultive Husbands

Palmer, S.; Brown, R.; Barrera, M.:
Evaluation of a Men's Group Treatment Program to Reduce Wife Abuse

Russell, M.N.:
Treatment Programs for Wife Assaulters

Sacco, P.:
Adolescents and Anti-Social Behaviour

Smith, M.J.:
Transition Houses, Safe Home Programs, Programs for Batterers

Thibault, G.:
Battered and Still Not Beaten: The Social and Political Dynamics of Spousal Assault

Van Dieten, M.:
Family Enrichment Program

SPOUSAL ASSAULT:

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Couple's Communication Group

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Ending the Cycle of Abuse: A Men's Support Group

Balshaw, B.:
Inter-Generational Transmission of Violent Behaviour; Negative Cases

Bell, J.; Browning, J.; Hamilton, A.:
Development of Treatment Standards for Assaultive Men

Gabor, T.:
Turning Point Evaluation

Gartner, R.; Crawford, M.:
Women Killed by Intimate Male Partners

Hart, S.:
Abuse in Family of Origin in Federally Incarcerated Offenders; Wife Assaulters

Hoffman, B.; Sinclair, D.; Currie, D. M.; Jaffe, P.:
Wife Assault: Understanding and Helping the Women, Men and Children

Mc Dougall, D.:
Wife Assault: Successful Treatment Outcomes

Ogloff, J.; Dutton, D.:
Treatment of Assaultive Husbands

Russell, M.N.:
Treatment Programs for Wife Assaulters

Sacco, V.:
Conjugal Violence

Silverman, R.A.; Kennedy, L.W.:
Spousal and Family Murder

Smith, M.J.:
Transition Houses, Safe Home Programs, Programs for Batterers

Thibault, G.:
Battered and Still Not Beaten: The Social and Political Dynamics of Spousal Assault

DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE:

Pagliaro, L.A.:
Family Violence Among Adults Who Have a Positive History of: 1) Criminal Behaviour; and 2) Drug or Substance Abuse

SOCIETAL ASPECTS:

Hackler, J.C.:
Reduction of Violent Crime Through Economic Equality for Women

Thibault, G.:
Battered and Still Not Beaten: The Social and Political Dynamics of Spousal Assault

NATIVE PEOPLE:

Ratner, R.S.:
Child Welfare Services for Urban Native Indians

Ratner, R.S.:
Native Youth Delinquency in Vancouver

GENERAL:

Balshaw, B.:
Inter-Generational Transmission of Violent Behaviour; Negative Cases

Cadsky, O.:
Analysis of Information About Violent Patients Seen in Clinic

Currie, D.W.:
Family Violence and Offender Treatment

Hodkin, B.:
Concept of Family

Leach, T.:
Relink Program

Lescheid, A.; Andrews, D.; Hoge, R.:
Youth at Risk of Becoming Young Offenders: Profiles, Programs, and Service Strategies

M2/W2:
Support for Families Who Have a Partner/Immediate Family Member in Prison

Murray, S.W.:
Social and Personal Effects of Sexual Abuse on Families of Sex Offenders and Their Subsequent Needs

New Brunswick Advisory Council on the Status of Women:
How Well is the Criminal Code Applied in New Brunswick in Cases of Wife Assault

Palacio-Quintin,E.; Ethier,L.; Jourdan-Ionescu,C.; Lacharité,C.:
Children and Parental Negligence

Roesch, R.; Hart, S.; Kropp, P. R.:
Incidence of Family Violence Among Offenders on Probation in British Columbia

Seeley, T.L.:
Women's Experiences of a Residential Correctional Setting

Silverman, R.A., Kennedy, L.W.:
Spousal and Family Murder

Van Dieten, M.:
Family Enrichment Program

White, J.M.:
Family Career Deviance

AUTHORS

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters-YWCA of Calgary

Balshaw, Beth (University Counselling Services, University of Calgary)

Bell, Janice; Browning, James; Hamilton, Alayne

Bond, J.; Yellen, P. (Elder Abuse Resource Centre, University of Manitoba)

Cadsky, O. (Forensic Assessment and Community Services)

Comack, E. (Department of Sociology, University of Alberta)

Cudmore, Lee-Ann (Department of Sociology, Brock University)

Currie, David W. (Clarke Institute of Psychiatry)

Gabor, T. (Crime and Justice Research Centre)

Gartner, Rosemary; Crawford, Maria (Department of Sociology, University of Toronto)

Geller, Gloria (Faculty of Social Work, University of Regina)

Hackler, James C. (Department of Sociology, University of Alberta)

Hart, Steve (Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University)

Hodkin, B. (Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University)

Hoffman, Brian; Sinclair, Deborah; Currie, David M.; Jaffe, Peter (Clarke Institute of Psychiatry)

Hudson, Joe (Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary)

Leach, T. (The Salvation Army)

Lescheid, A. (London Family Court Clinic); Andrews, D.; Hoge, B. (Carleton University)

M2/W2

McDougall, D. (Pastoral Institute and the Calgary Women's Emergency Shelter)

Murray, Susan M. (Faculty of Social Work, Memorial University of Newfoundland)

New Brunswick Advisory Council on the Status of Women

Ogloff, James; Dutton, Donald (British Columbia Institute on Family Violence)

Pagliaro, Louis (Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta)

Palacio-Quintin, Ercilia; Ethier, Louise; Jourdan-Ionescu, Colette; Lacharité, Carl (GREDE, Université of Quebec at Trois-Rivières)

Palmer, Sally; Brown, Ralph; Barrera, Mary (School of Social Work, McMaster University)

Ratner, R.S. (Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of British Columbia)

Renner, K. Edward (Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University)

Roesch, Ronald; Hart, Stephen (Simon Fraser University); Kropp, P. Randall (British Columbia Institute on Family Violence)

Ross, Margaret M. (School of Nursing, University of Ottawa)

Russell, Mary N. (School of Social Work, University of British Columbia)

Sacco, Peter (Department of Psychology, Brock University)

Sacco, V. (Department of Sociology, Queens University)

Seeley, Terri Lee (School of Social Work, McMaster University)

Silverman, Robert A.; Kennedy, Leslie W. (Department of Sociology, University of Alberta)

Smith, M.J. (British Columbia/Yukon Society of Transition Houses)

Sobsey, Dick (Department of Educational Psychology)

Sobsey, Dick; Bibby, Mary Ann; Mansell, Sheila (Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta)

Stalker, Carol A.; Davies, Felicity (Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario)

Thibault, Gisele (Trent University)

Van Dieten, M. (John Howard Society of Ottawa)

White, James M. (School of Family Sciences, University of British Columbia)

Wolfe, David A.; Wekerle, Christine; McGee, Robin; Gough, Robert (Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario)

Yurchesyn, Kathleen A.; Keith, Ann; Renner, Edward (Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University)

METHODOLOGY BREAKDOWN OF TOPICS FOR COMPENDIUM ON FAMILY VIOLENCE

This section references each entry according to the type of research methodology the researcher used or is using. The major headings in this section are "surveys", "statistical analysis", "interviews", "case studies", "experiments', "longitudinal studies", and "other". Those studies which indicated usage of more than one type of methodology will appear more than once.

SURVEYS/QUESTIONNAIRES:

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Child Witness of Abuse Program

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Couple's Communication Group

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Ending the Cycle of Abuse: A Men's Support Group

Bell, J.; Browning, J.; Hamilton, A.:
Development of Treatment Standards for Assaulting Men

Bond, J.; Penner, R.; Yellen, P.:
Relationships Between Laws and Elder Abuse

Cudmore, L.:
Sibling Violence: Psychological, Physical and Sexual

Gabor, T.:
Turning Point Evaluation

Lescheid, A.; Andrews, D.; Hoge, R.:
Youth at Risk of Becoming Young Offenders: Profiles, Programs, and Service Strategies

M2/W2:
Support for Families Who Have a Partner/Immediate Family Member in Prison

Mc Dougall, D.:
Wife Assault: Successful Treatment Outcomes

Palmer, S.; Brown, R.; Barrera, M.:
Evaluation of a Men's Group Treatment Program to Reduce Wife Abuse

Sacco, V.:
Conjugal Violence

Smith, M.J.:
Transition Houses, Safe Home Programs, Programs for Batterers

Sobsey, D.; Bibby, M.; Mansell, S.:
Abuse and Disability: Patterns, Incidence, Prevention Strategies, Treatment (Sexual and Physical Abuse)

Thibault, G.:
Battered and Still Not Beaten: The Social and Political Dynamics of Spousal Assault

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

Studies entered under this heading are those projects which conduct some form of comprehensive analysis on pre-existing, official data.

Lescheid, A.; Andrews, D.; Hoge, R.:
Youth at Risk of Becoming Young Offenders: Profiles, Programs, and Service Strategies

New Brunswick Advisory Council on the Status of Women:
How Well is the Criminal Code Applied in New Brunswick in Cases of Wife Assault

Silverman, R.A.; Kennedy, L.W.:
Spousal and Family Murder

White, J.M.:
Family Career Deviance

INTERVIEWS:

Studies under this heading are those projects which made use of interviewing techniques as part of the actual research methodology.

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Child Witness of Abuse Program

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Couple's Communication Group

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters:
Ending the Cycle of Abuse: A Men's Support Group

Balshaw, B.:
Inter-Generational Transmission of Violent Behaviour; Negative Cases

Comack, E.:
Women Offenders Experiences with Physical and Sexual Abuse

Gabor, T.:
Turning Point Evaluation

Geller, G.:
Justice for Women Victims and Survivors of Abuse

Hudson, J.:
Child Sexual Abuse Programming

Pagliaro, L.A.:
Family Violence Among Adults Who Have A Positive History of: 1) Criminal behaviour; and 2) Drug or Substance Abuse

Ratner, R.S.:
Child Welfare Services for Urban Native Indians

Ratner, R.S.:
Native Youth Delinquency in Vancouver

Smith, M.J.:
Transition Houses, Safe Home Programs, Programs for Batterers

Sobsey, D.:
Child Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Sexual Assault, and Battery Experienced by People with Disabilities

Sobsey, D.:
Institutional Abuse of People with Disabilities

Sobsey, D.:
Offenders with Disabilities

Thibault, G.:
Battered and Still Not Beaten: The Social and Political Dynamics of Spousal Assault

LITERATURE REVIEWS:

Bell, J.; Browning, J.; Hamilton, A.:
Development of Treatment Standards for Assaulting Men

Bond, J.; Penner, R.; Yellen, P.:
Relationships Between Laws and Elder Abuse

Hackler, J.C.:
Reduction of Violent Crime Through Economic Equality for Women

Hoffman,Brian; Sinclair, Deborah; Currie, David M.; Jaffe, Peter:
Wife Assault: Understanding and Helping the Women, Men and Children

Hudson, J.:
Child Sexual Abuse Programming

Leach, T.:
Relink Program

Lescheid, A.; Andrews, D.; Hoge, R.:
Youth at Risk of Becoming Young Offenders: Profiles, Programs, and Service Strategies

Sobsey, D.:
Child Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Sexual Assault, and Battery Experienced by People with Disabilities

Sobsey, D.:
Institutional Abuse of People with Disabilities

Sobsey, D.:
Offenders with Disabilities

Thibault, G.:
Battered and Still Not Beaten: The Social and Political Dynamics of Spousal Assault

CASE STUDIES:

Comack, E.:
Women Offenders Experiences with Physical and Sexual Abuse

Gartner, R.; Crawford, M.:
Women Killed by Intimate Male Partners

Hart, S.:
Abuse in Family of Origin in Federally Incarcerated Offenders; Wife Assaulters

Murray, S.W.:
Hidden Victims of Crime: An Exploratory Study of the Social and Personal Effects of Sexual Abuse on Families of Sex Offenders and Their Subsequent Needs, Post-Disclosure

Renner, K.E.:
Psycho-Social Aspects of Legal Issues of Sexual Assault Cases Before the Courts

Roesch, R.; Hart, S.; Kropp, P. R.:
Incidence of Family Violence Among Offenders on Probation In British Columbia

Seeley, T.:
Women's Experiences of a Residential Correctional Setting

Thibault, G.:
Battered and Still Not Beaten: The Social and Political Dynamics of Spousal Assault

Yurchesyn, K.; Keith, A.; Renner, K.E.:
Contrasting Perspectives on the Nature of Sexual Assault Provided by a Service for Sexual Assault Victims and by the Law Courts

EXPERIMENTAL:

Entries under this heading are those projects in which some form of experiment, as defined by the scientific method, was conducted (includes quasi-experiments).

Hodkin, B.:
Concept of Family

Ogloff, J.; Dutton, D.:
Treatment of Assaultive Husbands

Russell, M.N.:
Treatment Programs for Wife Assaulters Sacco, P.:
Adolescents and Anti-Social Behaviour

Stalker, C.A.; Davies, F.:
Adult Female Victims of Childhood Sexual Assault: Attachment, Organization, and Adaptation

Van Dieten, M.:
Family Enrichment Program

Van Dieten, M.:
Overcoming Family Violence: A Program for Adolescents

Wolfe, D.A.; Wekerle, C.; McGee, R.; Gough, R.:
Violence Against Women

LONGITUDINAL STUDIES:

Entries under this heading are those in which some form of longitudinal follow-up was carried out on the subjects involved in the study.

Wolfe, D.A.; Wekerle, C.; McGee, R.; Gough, R.:
Violence Against Women

OTHER/UNKNOWN:

This section includes both the submissions which did not appropriately fit under one of the subheadings and those entries which did not specify the nature of their research methodology:

Cadsky, O.:
Analysis of Information About Violent Patients Seen at Clinic

Currie, D.W.:
Family Violence and Offender Treatment

Ogloff, J.; Dutton, D.:
Treatment of Assaultive Husbands

Palacio-Quintin,E.; Ethier,L.; Jourdan-Ionescu,C.; Lacharité, C.:
Children and Parental Negligence

Ross, M.:
Abuse of the Elderly

Sobsey, D.:
Child Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Sexual Assault, and Battery Experienced by People with disabilities

Sobsey, D.:
Institutional Abuse of People with Disabilities

Sobsey, D.:
Offenders with Disabilities

RESEARCH SUMMARIES

This section lists, in alphabetical order according to author, brief summaries of each of the research submissions. Each summary includes information on the subject matter, issues under investigation, research objectives, time frame of the study, agencies involved, research methodology, major results and findings, research products, whether the project is part of an ongoing program of research on offender/criminal family functioning, and authors/co-authors. As the option was given to either complete the questionnaire or submit an executive summary, some of the excerpts appear in abstract format only.

Alberta Council of Women's Shelters - YWCA of Calgary

SUBJECT MATTER:

1. Ending the cycle of abuse: a men's support group (groups for men and women).
2. Couples communications groups (post group treatment).
3. Child witness of abuse program (ages 5-15).

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. "Ending the Cycle of Abuse: A Support Group"

   The focus of the program is to address all types of abuse by men and women on each other. Both partners are placed in separate groups. The program teaches skills around communication, anger management, stress management, conflict resolution, and problem solving. In addition, the group addresses issues of family of origin abuse, attitudes around male/female roles, loss and separation experiences, and social support systems.

2. "Couple's Communication Group"

   This group is for couples who have completed the treatment group in order to address issues of communication skill integration and other relationship struggles.

3. "Child Witness of Abuse Program"

   The program for children addresses issues of domestic abuse which has been witnessed and/or experienced.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Men's Program
   The objectives which are under investigation are as follows:
   • increasing communication and resolution skills to decrease abuse;
   • increasing stress management and anger management strategies;
   • addressing dysfunctional attitudes regarding gender, marriage, and family roles;
   • increasing self-esteem.
2. Couples Communication Group
   The research objectives to be addressed in this program are as follows:
   • decreasing couple discord;
   • increasing adaptability and cohesion;
   • increasing healthy communication interactions.
3. Child Witnesses of Abuse Program
   This program looks at three primary objectives:
   • increasing awareness of domestic violence;
   • increasing safety skills;
   • increasing healthy responses to anger.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1. Men's Program
   • Ongoing evaluation with preliminary results due summer of 1993.
   • Research project currently in consideration with the data from the program evaluation. No time frame yet established.
2. Couples Communication Group
   • Thesis completion spring of 1994.
3. Child Witness Program
   • Ongoing evaluation. Projected time of results by summer of 1993.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

In the two programs for adults the participants are involved in a group interview setting to administer pre and post evaluation. Each person is required to fill out an intake form and a number of standardized scales which measure the objectives of the program.

In the Child Witness Program, participants are interviewed individually (pre and post group) using standardized measures. Teachers and parents fill out additional standardized measures for assessment purposes and measuring change.

RESULTS AND FINDINGS:

Not yet available on any study.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS:

The YWCA Support Centre will be developing articles for publication, and engaging in presentations on topics surrounding the research and evaluation. A thesis will also contain research results.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

The YWCA Support Centre is committed to ongoing evaluation of its programs, analyzing data, and disseminating information to the professional community.

AGENCIES INVOLVED:

1. Men's Program Evaluation
   • YWCA Support Centre (266-4111)
   • Janet Wagar, M.S.W., R.S.W., Coordinator
   • Mélanie Johannson, M.S.W. (Cand.), Men's Program Supervisor
   • University of Calgary (220-6159)
   • Nick Coady, Ph.D. Faculty of Social Work
2. Couple's Communication Group
   • YWCA Support Centre (266-4111)
   • Mélanie Johannson, M.S.W. (thesis) (cand.)
   • Janet Wagar, M.S.W., R.S.W., Coordinator
   • University of Calgary (220-5040)
   • Leslie Tutty, Ph.D. Faculty of Social Work, Supervising Thesis
3. Child Witness Program
   • YWCA Support Centre (266-4111)
   • Janet Wagar, M.S.W., R.S.W., Coordinator

Balshaw, Beth (University Counselling Services, University of Calgary)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Inter-generational transmission of violent behaviour; negative cases.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Study of men who have witnessed spousal abuse in childhood but who are non-violent in adulthood.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To understand the experience of men who have witnessed spousal violence in their families of origin and who are non-violent in their current intimate relationships.
2. To identify factors that have enabled these high-risk individuals to break the cycle of violence.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

September 1, 1991 to December 31, 1992.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. University of Calgary

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

A qualitative design is being used. Participants are men at least 20 years of age who (a) witnessed spousal violence between parents, step parents, or foster parents in their family of origin, (b) are in a satisfying intimate relationship in adulthood (either married or co-habitating) that has continued for at least six months, and (c) do not engage in violent behaviour. Both the men and their partners are interviewed separately in order to gather data about how these men have managed to remain non-violent in adulthood. Taped interviews are transcribed, coded, and analyzed using constant comparative analysis. Tentative conceptual frameworks will be generated, based on what data cluster together.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Data is still being gathered so results cannot be reported yet.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, thesis):

1. Ph.D. dissertation.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

The current research is being conducted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Ph.D. degree at the University of Calgary. After completion of the dissertation, the researcher will no doubt continue in further research on family violence.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A GRADUATE STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Ph.D. dissertation.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Beth Balshaw
c/o University Counselling Services
University of Calgary
2500 University Drive N.W. Calgary, Alberta
T2N 1N4

Bell, Janice; Browning, James; Hamilton, Alayne

SUBJECT MATTER:

Development of treatment standards for assaultive men.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Develop provincial guidelines for implementing and funding men's programs.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Review literature.
2. Survey province for list of existing programs.
3. Develop guiding principles for treatment.
4. Produce handbook for communities wishing to establish men's programs.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

6 months.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. British Columbia Institute on Family Violence.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Literature review.
2. Phone survey of agencies dealing with family violence in British Columbia.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Above objectives met.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESIS):

Submitted report and handbook to funding agencies.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

In general, yes.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Janice Bell
2. James Browning
3. Alayne Hamilton

Bond, J.; Penner, R.; Yellen, P. (Elder Abuse Resource Centre; University of Manitoba)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Relationships between laws and elder abuse.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Examine legislation regarding elder abuse.
2. Determine which statutory and administrative mechanisms have been most useful.
3. Identify/propose model(s) for legislation.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

Four unresolved issues:

1. Relationship between incidence rates of elder abuse and the presence of registries of abused/abusers emanating from either mandatory or voluntary reporting mechanisms.
2. Protective legislation for vulnerable, mentally competent elderly.
3. Enabling legislation which permits investigation of suspected instances of elder abuse.
4. Mechanisms for review after an individual/agency has been assigned to act on behalf of, or care for, an older person when that person may be unable/unwilling to request a review.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Initially May 1/1991 - September 30/1991. Final report now available.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. University of Manitoba (Faculty of Law and the Department of Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology).
2. The Elder Abuse Resource Centre.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Compilation, classification and integration of all Canadian legislation and a sampling of U.S. legislation related to elder abuse.
2. Survey instrument mailed to service providers and the legal sector re: their experiences of the relationship between the identified legal variables and the incidence of elder abuse.
3. Documentation and summarization of legislation; Consolidation of survey results; Integration of results; Development of legislative model.
4. Final report.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not available.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

Presentation of results and written report.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

No. If the Elder Abuse Resource Centre is refunded, we will be considering future research including family functioning.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Bond, John B. Jr., Ph.D.
Faculty of Human Ecology
Principal Investigator

2. Penner, Roland, B.A., LL.B.
Dean of Faculty of Law
Co-Investigator

3. Yellen, Penny, B.A., M.S.W.
Project Co-ordinator Elder Abuse Resource Centre
Co-Investigator

Cadsky, O (Forensic Assessment and Community Services)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Analysis of information about violent patients seen in clinic.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Characteristics of violent persons (violent men, their spouses, and violent women).

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Ultimately to predict which patients respond better to therapy.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:Ongoing.AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Dr. Cadsky's clinic.
2. Some data analysis by Correctional Service of Canada.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:Collection of data and analysis.MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Violent men form different groupings.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESIS):

1. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 7, 1988, pgs 119-127.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Yes. We continue to collect data, and analyse it as we can afford to.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Dr. O. Cadsky
Manager, Forensic Assessment and Community Services
Suite 1200, 10015-103 Avenue
Edmonton, Alberta
T5J 0H1
(403) 428-0455

Comack, Dr. E. (University of Alberta, Department of Sociology)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Women offenders experiences with physical and sexual abuse.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. To determine the nature and incidence of physical and sexual abuse histories of incarcerated women.
2. To determine possible correlations with their offending behaviours.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

See above.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1. Data include 600 cases collected between 1988 and 1992.
2. As well, 30 qualitative interviews were conducted over the summer of 1992.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Portage La Prairie Correctional Institution (data derived from interviews with women at this institution).
2. Criminology Research Centre, University of Manitoba.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Quantitative analysis of 600 cases.
2. Qualitative data was gathered from interviews with 30 women.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not yet completed.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

None yet.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Not applicable.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Dr. E. Comack
Department of Sociology
University of Manitoba
Winnipeg, Manitoba
R3T 2N2

Cudmore, Lee-Ann (Department of Sociology, Brock University)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Sibling violence (psychological, physical, and sexual).

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Prevalence.
2. What kinds of acts are being perpetrated.
3. Variables such as sex, presence of spousal and/or child abuse in the home, influence of television, religion, education of parents, and social class.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To find out who is abusing, who is being abused, what is being done (i.e. the types of violence).
2. To find out if there are any patterns/trends which could be used to classify the characteristics of an abusive/violent sibling relationship, and then publish a brochure.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1 year (1991-1992).

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Ontario Public Interest Research Group (OPIRG) at Brock University.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Sample: students in Introductory Sociology at Brock.
2. Six page questionnaire (anonymous and voluntary).
3. Quantitative research and exploratory in nature (because there is little research/information on the topic).

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Research is in progress.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Thesis.
2. A pamphlet and seminar package (c/o OPIRG-Brock).

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Yes. The project is to be pursued at a graduate level.

THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

This research is a thesis requirement for the partial fulfilment of an Honours B.A. at Brock University.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Lee-Ann Cudmore
c/o Department of Sociology
attn: Judith Blackwell
Brock University
St. Catharine, Ontario
L2S 3A1
(416) 688-5550 ext. 3455

Lee-Ann Cudmore
c/o OPIRG-Brock
attn: Alysha Henderson
Brock University
St. Catharine,Ontario
L2S 3A1
(416) 688-5550 ext. 3499

Currie, David W. (Clarke Institute of Psychiatry)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Family violence - offender treatment.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. To create a treatment manual including data collection instruments in order to standardize program models and provide a framework for data collection.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1987-1988

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Clarke Institute of Psychiatry
2. Health and Welfare Canada

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

The author's clinical experience in running treatment groups was used along with consultation with other program leaders who worked with batterers.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

See publication information.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Treatment Manual - The Abusive Husband: An Approach to Intervention, by David Currie, 1988.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Has been part of ongoing clinical work.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

David W. Currie
Clarke Institute of Psychiatry
250 College Street
Fourth Floor
Toronto, Ontario
(416) 979-6833

Gabor, T. (Crime and Justice Research Centre)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Turning Point evaluation.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Effectiveness of treatment groups in reducing violence towards female partners.
2. Overall effectiveness of our inter-agency structure.
3. Effectiveness in meeting objectives of our project.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Outline the nature and scope of the treatment.
2. Evaluate the impact of the program on client behaviour.
3. Evaluate the extent of inter-agency co-operation.
4. Evaluate changes in referrals by criminal justice.
5. Evaluate the support available to partners of clients.
6. Evaluate the operation of the organization as a whole.
7. Make recommendations regarding improvements to the project.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Approximately one year.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Turning Point Group
2. Protestant Family Service Bureau
3. Department of Justice
4. Department of Health and Social Services
5. Volunteers and other agencies

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Interviews with program counsellors and committee members.
2. Completion of Partner Abuse Index by clients at beginning of group, end of group, and 3 months following end of group.
3. Completion of Abuse Index by partners at end of group and 3 months after end.
4. Interviews with committee members and representatives from involved agencies.
5. Some retrospective interviews regarding past groups.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY COMPLETED):

Final draft report completed November 1992. Final Report to be completed in January 1993.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

For more detail, consult Tom Gabor at Crime and Justice Research Centre in Ottawa.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

One time evaluation, from our perspective.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Researcher:

Tom Gabor
Crime and Justice Research Centre
23 Adelaide St.
Ottawa, Ontario
K1S 3R9
(613) 523-7612

2. Program Representative:

Larry McKnight
Program Co-ordinator
Turning Point Group
P.O. Box 592
Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
C1A 7L1

Gartner, Rosemary, Maria Crawford (Department of Sociology, University of Toronto)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Women killed by intimate male partners, including current or former, legal and common-law spouses, and boyfriends.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Incidence of and trends over time in intimate partner killings of women.
2. Risk factors in intimate partner killings.
3. Characteristics of people and circumstances involved in intimate partner killings of women.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To provide the first systematic count of "intimate femicide" in Ontario and describe its characteristics.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1. The study uses data for the years 1974-1990.
2. The study was done during the months February 1991 - April 1992.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Ontario Women's Directorate.
2. Ministry of Community and Social Services.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Collection of information from coroners' files on all women who died as a result of homicide in Ontario, 1974-1990.
2. Approximately 50 variables on each case (including information on victims, offenders, history of relationships, circumstances of crime) computerized in case-based data file. Descriptive statistics generated.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

1. The Incidence of Intimate Femicide:

   According to the official records, a total of 551 women were killed by their current or estranged intimate partners between 1974 and 1990 in Ontario. Depending on the specific definition of intimate femicide used, intimate femicide accounted for between 61% and 78% of all killings of women where an offender was identified. On average, between 32 and 41 women were victims of intimate femicide each year in Ontario between 1974 and 1990.

2. Trends in the Rate of Intimate Femicide:

   The rate of intimate femicide varied from year to year, but showed no particular trend over time. The mean annual rate for the years 1974-1981 was not significantly different from the mean annual rate for the years 1982-1990.

3. Intimate Femicide Compared to Spousal Killings of Men:

   Women killed by their intimate partners accounted for at least 61% of all adult female victims of homicide. Men killed by their spouses accounted for approximately 8% of all adult male victims of homicide. Intimate femicide out-number spouse killings of males by over three to one.

4. Intimate Femicide Rates in Ontario, Canada, and other countries:

   The intimate femicide rate in Ontario appears to be very similar to that in Canada as a whole. Comparable statistics on intimate femicide are not available from other countries. However, the rate of all women killings in Canada is more than double the rates in England, Japan, New Zealand, Switzerland, and Sweden. Of the developed countries, only the United States has a higher rate of woman killing than Canada.

5. Intimate Femicide in Ontario's Cities and Towns:

   Intimate femicide rates were not consistently higher in large cities compared to smaller cities and towns.

6. The Victims of Intimate Femicide:

   The majority of victims were aged 20-39, living with legal or common-law partners, and born in Canada. Eighty percent had children and almost half of the victims were employed outside the home.

7. Men Who Kill Their Intimate Partners:

   Offenders were on average four years older than their victims. The majority were employed and born in Canada. Over half had criminal records.

8. Relationships Between Victims and Their Killers:

   Although most victims were married to and living with their killers, a large proportion (31%) were estranged from their partners. We found no case where a woman was killed by her divorced spouse. Evidence suggests that in most of the relationships the offender had assaulted the victim in the past, which had often led to police intervention.

9. Women With Particularly High Risks of Intimate Femicide:

   Women separated from their partners faced particularly high risks of intimate femicide. Women aged 20-39 and, in recent years, women not employed outside the home were also at somewhat higher risk.

10. Motives for Intimate Femicide:

    The predominant motive for intimate femicide appears to be offenders' anger or rage over estrangement from their partners.

11. Location of Intimate Femicide:

    Intimate femicide are private acts, typically occurring in the home (and often the bedroom) of the victim.

12. The Magnitude and Sexualized Nature of the Violence:

    Intimate femicide are frequently characterized by the use of excessive violence beyond what is necessary to kill a person. Multiple methods and prolonged and extremely brutal attacks appear to be more common than in the killings of men.

13. Extent of Victimization:

    The killings of 551 women by their intimate partners resulted in the deaths of a total of 767 persons. Most of these additional victims were offenders who committed suicide. However, a further 62 victims, most of them children, were also killed. Many other persons, including family and friends of the victims, witnessed the killings. In 73 cases, the women's own children were present when their mothers were killed.

In the course of collecting and analyzing these data, a number of noteworthy themes and issues arose, which are explored in some depth in the report. These include the potential for under-counting of intimate femicide, the criminal histories of men who kill their intimate partners, the gender-specific nature of intimate femicide, and the frustrations of professionals whose work exposes them to intimate femicide (e.g. police officers and shelter workers).

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Crawford, Maria and Rosemary Gartner. Final report submitted to the Ontario Women's Directorate "Woman Killing: Intimate Femicide in Ontario, 1974-1990". 1992.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Not really, though I expect to continue doing research on intimate violence against women.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Rosemary Gartner
Department of Sociology
University of Toronto
M5T 1P9
(416) 978-4726
(416) 978-3715
(on leave at University of Minnesota as of July 1, 1992)

Maria Crawford
Women We Honour Action Committee
c/o the Denise House
Sedna Women's Shelter and Support Services Inc.
P.O. Box 146
Oshawa, Ontario
L1H 7L1

Geller, Gloria (Faculty of Social Work, University of Regina)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Justice for women victims and survivors of abuse.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Women who had been victims of abuse as a child, adolescent, or adult (physical, sexual, emotional, etc.).
2. Experiences, effects, help sought, abuse, justice issues.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To explore, with victims/survivors, their views of what would be justice for their pain and suffering.

TIME FRAME OF STUDY:

Started summer 1988, research completed summer 1989.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Faculty member at the University of Regina, Faculty of Social Work (independent research).
2. Numerous contacts made in the community to obtain respondents.
3. Transition House.
4. Mental Health.
5. Department of Health.
6. Support groups such as Alcoholic Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, Al-Anon, etc.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Interviews with 34 victims/survivors, each one and a half hours in length.
2. Questions asked were open ended: Describe experiences of victimization, immediate and long-term effects, help sought immediately and over time, what did and did not help, what happened to abuser, was the criminal justice system involved, what happened with the system's involvement, what should have happened to victim at time of abuse, what would be justice for her pain and suffering.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

1. Justice is discussed very broadly, including punitive/retributive; compensatory; therapeutic; victims rights; education; social change.
2. Primarily the survivors focus on their own health and getting on with their own lives, the supports needed for that, numerous services, etc.
3. Importance of being believed, supported, rights of victims recognized, blame placed on offender where it belongs.
4. The need for offenders to be dealt with, both in terms of punishment and in terms of changing and healing the offender.
5. Needs of children in abusive situations emphasized.
6. The need for healing, the generations caught in abusive patterns.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g publications, presentations, theses):

1. Working paper No.8: "Justice for Women Victims and Survivors of Abuse", Social Administration Research Unit, University of Regina, S4S 0A2.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Further work is planned but is not yet fully formulated.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Gloria Geller
Faculty of Social Work
University of Regina
Regina, Saskatchewan
S4S 0A2

Hackler, James C. (Department of Sociology, University of Alberta)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Reduction of violent crime through economic equality for women.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Factors that increase the likelihood of family violence.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To link the reduction of violent domestic crime with economic equality for women.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Finished.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Solicitor General's Contributions Grant.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Comprehensive literature review.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS:

1. To effectively reduce crime, there must be a shift in focus from the small group of serious offenders to the larger group of minor offenders.
2. Much violence develops within a family setting, therefore policies aimed at decreasing family stress would have an impact on future violence.
3. Stress could be reduced through greater equality for women by making it possible for them to leave potentially violent domestic settings.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Hackler, James C. (1991). "The Reduction of Violent Crime Through Economic Equality for Women", Journal of Family Violence, Vol 6, No.2: 199-216.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Not applicable.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

James C. Hackler
Department of Sociology
University of Alberta
Edmonton, Alberta
T6G 2H4

Hart, Steve (Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Abuse in family of origin in federally incarcerated offenders; wife assaulters.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Relationship of type of abuse in federally incarcerated offenders to adult crime pattern.
2. Base abuse rates.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

See above.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Data collection completed 1990 for incarcerated population, in progress for wife assaulters.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Correctional Service of Canada
2. Solicitor General of Canada

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Detailed examination of institutional records of incarcerated men.
2. Question package to convicted wife assaulters assessing family of origin.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

1. Strong results (see papers, also final report to Correctional Service of Canada).
2. Strong results on family of origin warmth, rejection and adult propensity for assault (data currently being written up).

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Dutton, Donald G., & Stephen D. Hart. (1992) "Evidence for Long-Term, Specific Effects of Childhood Abuse and Neglect on Criminal Behaviour in Men", International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, Vol 36(2), pp. 129-138.
2. Dutton, Donald G., & Stephen D. Hart. (1992). "Risk Markers for Family Violence in a Federally Incarcerated Population", International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, Vol 15(l).

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Separate grants, previous grant terminated in October 1992.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Steve Hart
Department of Psychology
Simon Fraser University
Burnaby, British Columbia

Hodkin, B. (Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Concept of family.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

No information given.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Describe real world concept of family, using a variety of tasks/approaches.

TIME FRAME OF STUDY:

No information given.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

No information given.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

General approach is experimental and includes tasks to assess:

1. category intension (who is perceived as part of family).
2. prototypes of families.
3. attributes/dimensions in definition.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

1. Nuclear family is centre/core of family concept.
2. On components of definition, biological and legal relationships receive midrange ratings of importance, and aspects of emotional relations and processes receive very high ratings.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. So, Dominica and Barbara Hodkin (1987). "Concept of Family in Three Generations of Chinese-Canadians" (Presentation for Canadian Psychological Association).
2. Hodkin, Barbara (1983). "The Concept of Family: Building an Empirical Base" (Presented at Annual Meeting for the Canadian Psychological Association).

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

No, it is an ongoing inquiry into general concept of family.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT?

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

B. Hodkin
Department of Psychology
Mount Saint Vincent University
166 Bedford Highway Halifax,
Nova Scotia B3M 2J6
(902) 443-4450

Hoffman, Dr. Brian; Sinclair, Deborah; Currie, David M.; Jaffe, Peter (Clarke Institute of Psychiatry)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Family violence.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Issues in working with the woman, the man, and the children.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To write and article, suitable for publication, to identify relevant clinical issues.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

January 1990-July 1990.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Mount Sinai Hospital.
2. Clarke Institute of Psychiatry.
3. Family Court Clinic, London, Ontario.
4. Women's Health Bureau, Ontario Ministry of Health.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Information compiled from presentations of three of the authors at the Ontario Psychiatric Association conference in Toronto, in January 1990.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

See publication title.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Hoffman, Brian F., Deborah Sinclair, David W. Currie, Peter Jaffe (1990). "Wife Assault: Understanding and Helping the Woman, the Man and the Children". Ontario Medical Review, July 1990, pp 36-44.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Not applicable.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Dr. Brian Hoffman, M.D., FRCPC, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto.
2. Ms. Deborah Sinclair, M.S.W., Private Practice, Toronto.
3. Mr. David W. Currie, M.S.W., Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto (416) 979-6833.
4. Dr. Peter Jaffe, Ph.D., London Family Court Clinic, London, Ontario (416) 679-7250

Hudson, Joe (Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Child sexual abuse programming.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Development of valuable program models for child sexual abuse treatment, prevention, and investigation programs.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1988-1991

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. National Health and Welfare (support).
2. 25 programs from around the country.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Review of program documentation.
2. Development of draft models.
3. On-site interviews with program staff.
4. Development of final models.
5. Implementation of evaluation systems.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Reports (7), available through National Health and Welfare.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

7 reports.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

No, the study is completed.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Joe Hudson
Faculty of Social Work
Edmonton Division
University of Calgary
#300, 8625-112 St.
Edmonton, Alberta
T6G 1K8

Leach, T. (The Salvation Army)

SUBJECT MATTER:

1. Relink Program - general program operation and, specifically, Life Management Workshops (cognitive skills training for family members).
2. Literature review - families of incarcerated males - completed in conjunction with development and operation of Relink Program.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. To determine the effectiveness of the Relink Programs, notably related to the cognitive skills training being provided, in providing meaningful and practical support and programming for families of offenders, and in aiding in the reintegrative process upon the release of an offender to the community.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. See above.
2. To measure the effectiveness of the Relink Programs, notably the Life Management Workshops, vs. other traditional forms of programming and vs. no family-oriented programming (especially pre-release).
3. To determine the validity of expanding this program to other centres.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Presently anticipated to be a minimum of one year, and up to three years, in order to determine long-range results with family members.

AGENCIES INVOLVED:

The Salvation Army: Correctional and Justice Services Department in Ottawa, with the support and research assistance of the Correctional Service of Canada (NHQ) Education and Personal Development Branch.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Still being developed. Various research and assessment tolls are anticipated.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS: (IF STUDY COMPLETED)

Incomplete (research and evaluation process still under development).

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

To be determined.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Yes. As already mentioned, the Relink Programs will be compared with other, traditional forms of programming and with no programming, to determine long-term potential. The Relink Programs, notably related to the Life Management Workshops and the follow-up Reintegration Retreats, comprise a new, previously untested form of programming, therefore, it is imperative that on-going research be conducted.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

All present enquiries and references concerning Relink, including research related activities, should be directed to:

Mr. Todd Leach
Director, Relink Programs
Suite 700, 880 Wellington St.
Ottawa, Ontario
K1R 6K7
Telephone: (613) 236-9620
Fax: (613) 236-7095

Leschied, A. (London Family Court Clinic); Andrews, D.; Hoge, B. (Carleton University)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Youth at risk of becoming chronic offenders: profiles, programs, and service strategies.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Ministry programs for young offenders, with respect to current knowledge of effective/promising programs, especially for repeat offenders.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To determine the extent to which ministry programs embody effective programming.
2. To identify program development requirements.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

March 1991-November 1992.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Ministry of Community and Social Services, Ontario (MCSS).

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Extensive review of current MCSS programs based on questionnaires and site visits.
2. Questionnaire designed in conformity to literature review/meta-analysis, leading to "evaluation inventory" approach.
3. Statistical analysis of approximately 100 returns to determine overall situation regarding program design, focus, and implementation.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Completed in 1992.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

1. Report of findings to MCSS.
2. Subsequent publications not yet determined.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Yes, it is closely connected to literature review (meta-analysis of offender profiles, including family functioning), and research on MCSS risk/need classification instruments.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Dr. Alan Leschied
Assistant Director, London Family Court Clinic
254 Pall Mall St., Suite 200
London, Ontario
(519) 679-7250

2. Dr. Don Andrews
Professor of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Carleton University
Ottawa, Ontario
(613) 788-2600 Ext. 2662/2660

3. Dr. Bob Hoge
Professor of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Carleton University
Ottawa, Ontario
(613) 788-2600 Ext. 2662/2660

M2/W2

SUBJECT MATTER:

Support for families who have a partner/immediate family member in prison.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Transportation for visitors to Bowden Institution.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To determine feasibility of providing a transportation service between Calgary and Bowden Institution.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Approximately one month research followed by a three month pilot project.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. M2/W2 Alberta
2. Calgary John Howard Society
3. Bowden Institution
4. Bowden Inmate Welfare Committee
5. Families of inmates

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Discussion with all groups involved.
2. Distribution of questionnaire in Bowden V&C.
3. Three month pilot project.
4. Implementation of this service required the approval of the M2/W2 board.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

1. Visitors often find transportation arrangements difficult and inconvenient to make. Transportation is also often costly.
2. A definite need exists for such a service.
3. An unexpected finding is that the transportation service has increased M2/W2's awareness of the many issues and concerns that families of prisoners have, ranging from frustrations inside the institution (eg. inconsistent policies, unexplained strip searches), to concerns in the community (eg. financial, housing, social, etc.).

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

1. Promotion of the service at the Institution.
2. Recruitment of drivers.
3. Promotion through M2/W2 program presentations.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

The success of the service between Calgary and Bowden Institution has opened up the possibility of also providing transportation between Calgary and Drumheller Institution.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

M2/W2 Alberta
76 Skyline Cres., NE
Calgary, Alberta
T2K 5X7
Phone: (403) 275-6935

McDougall, D. (Pastoral Institute & the Calgary Women's Emergency Shelter)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Wife assault: successful treatment outcomes.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

This study will explore the process of change that occurs in a marital relationship when the husband discontinues his assaultive behaviour.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

Exploration and description from the emic perspective (including both partners) of the dynamics associated with discontinuation of a pattern of wife abuse.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

May 1992-May 1993.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

Participants will be assessed through the Pastoral Institute, Calgary, and the Calgary Women's Emergency Shelter.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Grounded Theory Methodology - Indepth interviews of couples with a history of wife assault. Husbands will have engaged in individual and/or group therapy to address the problem of wife assault. Both agree the abuse has stopped. Interviews of husbands and wives separately as well as conjointly.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not available at this time.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

Research results will be presented in thesis format as per Ph.D. program requirements.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

No. Doctoral dissertation.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Debra D. McDougall
507, 609-14 Street, NW
Calgary, Alberta
T2N 2A2
(403) 270-9366

Murray, Susan M. (Faculty of Social Work, Memorial University of Newfoundland)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Study of the social and personal effects of sexual abuse on families of sex offenders and their subsequent needs.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Incarceration effects on families of sex offenders.
2. Personal social effects of sexual abuse on families of sex offenders.
3. Consideration of these families needs.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To provide information about families of sex offenders, specifically social and personal impacts of sexual abuse and incarceration effects.
2. To explore needs of sex offenders' families (ie. community resources).
3. To address area of social work intervention in promoting a comprehensive delivery of service to these families.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

April 1992-September 1992.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Correctional Service of Canada (St. John's, Newfoundland).
2. The Justice Association of Newfoundland.
3. Women's Policy Office, Government of Newfoundland.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

A case study approach will be used in order to study six selected families in depth and detail. Qualitative data analysis, utilizing a constant comparative method, will facilitate managing and analyzing collected data. A semi-structured interview guide will be used with interview questions pertaining to specific periods relative to the offenders remand, incarceration and release time.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Data collected between April 27-May 31, 1992.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (eg. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Murray, Susan M. "Hidden Victims of Crime: An Exploratory Study of the Social and Personal Effects of Sexual Abuse on Families of Sex Offenders and Their Subsequent Needs Post-Disclosure" (Master's of Social Work thesis requirement).

THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

The project is an independent study, however study results will be given to Correctional Service of Canada (St. John's) and Memorial University of Newfoundland's School of Social Work Sex Offender Program.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A GRADUATE STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Research project is a partial requirement for completion of a Master of Social Work Degree at Memorial University of Newfoundland.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Susan M. Murray
P.O. Box 182, RR#1
Portugal Cove, Newfoundland
A0A 3K0
(709) 895-3192

New Brunswick Advisory Council on the Status of Women

SUBJECT MATTER:

How well is the Criminal Code applied in New Brunswick in cases of wife assault; male violence in relationships and the justice system.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. What are the available statistics on reports, charges, sentences in cases of wife assault.
2. What is the justice system's reaction and how could it better address the issue.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

See above.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1989.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. New Brunswick Advisory Council on the Status of Women.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Consult provincial and federal statistics banks on wife assault cases.
2. Visit a sampling of justice system personnel and other interveners in the cases.
3. Research definition of male violence and history.
4. Propose recommendations.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

1. Few statistics are kept by police on wife assault cases.
2. What statistics do exist show few charges are laid.
3. Attitudes among justice personnel still discourage dealing with the victim seriously.
4. The Criminal Code is applied very selectively.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

1. 34 page brief available in both languages.
2. Summary of brief is also available.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Concern is with male violence against women, at home, in the workplace, on the street. Work in this area is ongoing.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Produced by the New Brunswick Advisory Council on the Status of Women, December 1989.

Ogloff, James; Dutton, Donald (British Columbia Institute on Family Violence)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Treatment of assaultive husbands.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Effectiveness of two treatment programs.
2. Predictors of successful treatment.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

Same as above.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

2 years.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. British Columbia Institute on Family Violence.
2. University of British Columbia.
3. Simon Fraser University.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Between operational design and waiting list control. This is for prospective study with one year follow-up.
2. Retrospective correlation design to determine factors contributing to outcome of past clients.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not complete.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

Not available.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Agency is generally interested in this area.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. British Columbia Institute on Family Violence
2. Dr. James Ogloff
3. Donald Dutton

Pagliaro, Louis (Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Family violence among adults who have a positive history of: 1) criminal behaviour; and 2) drug and/or substance abuse.

ISSUES UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Drug induced aggressive and violent behaviour.
2. Relationship among observed related variables.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Development of a conceptual model.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Indefinite.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Solicitor General of Alberta.
2. Clinical Drug Consultants.
3. Pagliaro Interdisciplinary/Interagency Research Group
   (PIARG), University of Alberta.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. In depth clinical pharmapsychologic interviews and assessments are conducted with identified subjects.
2. Data are analyzed by both qualitative and quantitative procedures.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not yet available.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESIS):

Various.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING:

Yes.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Professor Louis A. Pagliaro
Department of Educational Psychology
6-130 Education North
University of Alberta
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
T6G 2G5

Palacio-Quintin, Ercilia, Louise Ethier, Colette Jourdan-Ionescu, Carl Lacharité (GREDE, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières)

SUBJECT MATTER:

1. Multidimensional evaluation of child victims of neglect and parental violence.
2. Psychosocial evaluation of negligent families.
3. Action project targeting both violent and non-violent negligent families.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

We seek to understand the psychosocial characteristics and the dynamic of families which neglect or physically abuse their children, and to develop suitable ways of working with these families.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

See above.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1. 1989-1991
2. 1991-1992
3. 1992-1995

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Le Groupe de recherche en développement de l'enfant ¹ (GREDE) of the University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières.
2. The Social Services Centre.
3. The Central Quebec Youth Protection Branch.

¹The Child Development Research Group

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

See publications.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY COMPLETED):

See publications.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Ethier, L.S., Palacio-Quintin, E., Jourdan-Ionescu, C., Lacharité, C., and Couture, G. (1991)" Évaluation multi-dimensionnelle des enfants victimes de négligence et violence parentale". Final report submitted to SBESC, 61 p.
2. Ethier, L.S., Palacio-Quintin, E., Jourdan-Ionescu, C., Lacharité C., Coderre, R., Benoît, M., Desaulniers, R., et Couture, G. (1991) Évaluation multi-dimensionnelle des enfants victimes de négligence et violence parentale. Analyse d'un cas et données pour l'ensemble de la population étudiée. Report submitted to Direction de la protection de la jeunesse 04.
3. Palacio-Quintin, E. (in press). "Comment les enfants perçoivent leurs parents: une méthode de dépistage des enfants maltraités", In Pronovost et al. (Eds.) Comprendre la famille. Québec: Presses de l'Université du Québec.
4. Ethier, L.S. (in press) "Le stress des mères maltraitantes en relation avec leurs antécédents familiaux". In Pronovost et al. (Eds.) Comprendre la famille. Presses de l'Université du Québec.
5. Jourdan-Ionescu, C. (in press). "Expression du vécu d'enfants maltraités par leurs parents". In Pronovost et al. (Eds.) Comprendre la famille. Québec: Presses de l'Université du Québec.
6. Palacio-Quintin, E., Ethier, L., Jourdan-Ionescu, C. & Lacharité, C. (in press) "What children can tell us about maltreatment". International Association of Applied Psychology Congress Proceedings. London: Lawrence Erlbaum.
7. Ethier, L.S. (1991) "Detecting Young Victims of Physical Abuse". In G. Kaiser, H. Kury & Albrecht (Eds.) Particular Groups of Victims. Victims and Criminal Justice. Vol 52. Freiburg: Max Planck Institute Series.
8. Ethier, L.S. (1991) "Analyse en situation familiale des interactions d'un groupe de garçons agressifs". In M.A. Provost at R.E. Tremblay (Eds.) Famille, inadaption sociale et intervention. Montréal: Agence d'Arc.
9. Ethier, L.S. et Palacio-Quintin, E. (1991). "Abused children and their families". In G. Kaiser, H. Kury et Albrecht (Eds.) Particular Groups of Victims. Victims and Criminal Justice. Vol 52. Freiburg: Max Planck Institute Series.
10. Ethier, L.S. & Piché, C. (1989). "Le maltraitement et la négligence des enfants". Revue de littérature. In Conseil Québécois pour l'enfance et la jeunesse. (Eds). Contre la violence, ca vaut la peine.
11. Lacharité, C. (submitted). "Le rôle de la toxicomanie des parents dans l'apparition et le maintien de comportements abusifs et négligents envers le jeune enfant". Apprentissage et Socialisation.
12. Lacharité, C., Ethier, L., Piché, C. (submitted). "Le stress parental chez les mères d'enfant d'âge préscolaire: validation et normes québécoises pour l'inventaire de stress parental". Santé mentale au Québec.
13. Ethier, L.S., Palacio-Quintin, E., et Jourdan-Ionescu, C. (in press). "A propos du concept de maltraitement: abus et négligence, deux entités distinctes?" Santé mentale au Québec.
14. Dubé, J., Ethier, L.S. (submitted) "Perception de l'attachement parental des mères maltraitantes en relation avec le réseau de support social". Revue Québécoise de Psychologie.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

The study forms part of a GREDE research program on maltreated children and their families. Although it therefore specifically targets families that maltreat their children, these families also include cases of generalized violence and parents at odds with the law.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Ercilia Palacio-Quintin, Ph.D., Director of GREDE.
2. Louise Ethier, Ph.D., Professor and Researcher at GREDE.
3. Colette Jourdan-Ionescu, Ph.D., Professor and Researcher at GREDE.
4. Carl Lacharité, Ph.D., Professor and Researcher at GREDE.
5. GREDE,
   University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières
   C.P. 500
   Trois-Rivières, Québec
   G9A 5H7
   Telephone: (819) 376-5089 ou (819) 376-5085
   FAX: (819) 376-5092

Palmer, Sally, Ralph Brown, Mary Barrera (School of Social Work, McMaster University)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Evaluation of a men's group treatment program to reduce wife abuse.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Does treatment reduce abusive behaviour?

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Comparison of long-term outcomes of men who participate in group treatment with a control group.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

February 1987 to December 1989.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Family Services of Hamilton-Wentworth.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Questionnaires were completed by men and their abused partners about personality (Basic Personality Inventory), and abusive behaviour at three points in time: immediately before and after treatment, and one year later. The 57 men were referred by the court for treatment (10 week program) after conviction for wife abuse, half of whom became a control group.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

The 30 men who were treated had a significantly lower recidivism rate, according to police records, than the 26 controls. Men who scored high on the Depression Scale of the BPI before treatment had a lower recidivism rate. Women's reports could not be used in the measurement of outcome, as too few responded (25%).

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, theses):

1. Paper published in American Orthopsychiatric Journal, April 1992.
2. Presentations made at several conferences.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

There are plans to publish more of the findings from this study (e.g. A comparison of women's victims who went to shelters with those who did not).

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Sally Palmer, Ph.D., CSW
McMaster University
KTH 326
Hamilton, Ontario
L8S 4M2
(416) 525-9140 ext.3785

2. Ralph Brown, DSW, CSW
McMaster University
KTH 319
Hamilton, Ontario
L8S 4M2

3. Mary Barrera, Ph.D.
Chedoke-McMaster Hospitals
Bruce Building
Hamilton, Ontario

Ratner, R.S. (Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of British Columbia)

SUBJECT MATTER:

1. Child welfare services for urban Native Indians.
2. Native youth delinquency in Vancouver.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

Same as above.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. New policies regarding child welfare and delinquency for urban Native Indian youth and their families.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Both studies completed 1989-1992.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. United Native Nations (Vancouver, British Columbia).

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Interviews of agency personnel and of Native youth in trouble with the law.
2. Approximately 80 interviews in each study, plus a sample of 50 Native youth.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY COMPLETED):

Request copies of the two monographs from author if interested (each study has an executive summary)

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, thesis):

1. Two monographs:
   1. Child Welfare Services for Urban Native Indians, December 1991.
   2. Native Youth Delinquency in Vancouver, June 1992 (research funded and published by United Native Nations, Vancouver, British Columbia).
2. Presentations at 1991 CSAA meetings (Kingston), and 1991 ASC meetings (San Francisco).

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

May continue research on Aboriginal justice.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

R.S. Ratner
Department of Anthropology and Sociology
University of British Columbia
6303 N.W. Marine Dr.
Vancouver, British Columbia
V6T 2B2

Renner, K. Edward (Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University)

"Psycho-Social Aspects of Legal Issues of Sexual Assault Cases Before the Courts"

ABSTRACT:

In 1983, the offense of "sexual assault" replaced "rape" in the Criminal Code of Canada. One of the purposes of this change in the law was to make the treatment of sexual offenses similar to other crimes and to avoid the social stigma associated with rape.

"Before, a rape victim who testified in court found herself put on trial ... The new law restricts the types of questions the victim can be asked" (Department of Justice, 1983).

A decade later, the rape shield provision has been struck down. The problems associated with the old rape law persist. Women are still reluctant to report this crime, and convictions are difficult to obtain.

A RESEARCH PROGRAM

We are evaluating every sexual assault and, for comparative purposes, every robbery and physical assault appearing before the Halifax Law Courts between 1983 to 1990. We are classifying every question asked of victims of sexual assault on the witness stand. We are developing an exhaustive system for categorizing all aspects of her experience, and for documenting court processes and outcomes.

LEGAL ISSUES

There are only a limited number of tactics that are used by defense lawyers to discredit victims and to "put them on trial". Our purposes are to identify:

LEGAL CHALLENGES:

What objections on points of law may the Crown use to protect the victim?

INOCULATIONS:

What lines of questions can the Crown ask during direct examination to offset expected defense tactics?

ANTIDOTES:

What questions can be asked during redirect to undo common defense tactics?

VICTIM PREPARATION

What are the ways in which a woman can be prepared to use the formal rules of the court to effectively tell her story, and to avoid the typical tactics used by defense lawyers to discredit victims of sexual assault? Another outcome is a book to prepare for court.

SOCIAL CHANGE

What are the truly "outrageous" aspects of the legal process which victims of sexual assault go through? The moral indignation from such examples can become the basis for social pressure for legal reform.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

K. Edward Renner
Department of Psychology
Dalhousie University
Halifax, Nova Scotia
B3H 4J1
(902) 494-3443

Roesch, Ronald; Hart, Stephen (Simon Fraser University); Kropp, P. Randall (British Columbia Institute on Family Violence)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Incidence of family violence among offenders on probation in British Columbia.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Incidence of spousal assault in offender group.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To determine degree of family violence.
2. To develop recommendations for treatment funding and resources for offenders and victims.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

4 months.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Mental Health Law and Policy Institute (Simon Fraser University).
2. British Columbia Institute on Family Violence.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. File study with a random sample of those on probation.
2. Collection of information on family violence and demographic variables.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not yet authorized to release results.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

1. Report submitted to British Columbia Corrections.
2. Publication in preparation.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Falls within scope of Family Violence Institute's mandate.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Ronald Roesch
   Simon Fraser University
2. Stephen Hart
   Simon Fraser University
3. P. Randall Kropp
   British Columbia Institute on Family Violence

Ross, Margaret M. (School of Nursing, University of Ottawa)

ABSTRACT:

The University of Ottawa's School of Nursing is currently involved in two initiatives:

1. The School of Nursing at the University of Ottawa has just recently received funding from the Ontario Ministry of Colleges and Universities to develop a curricular initiative aimed at facilitating the inclusion of issues related to violence against women and children within the curricula of Ontario Schools of Nursing. This initiative will take the form of a manual providing direction for the inclusion of theoretical and practice oriented approaches to curricular development that will contribute to prevention, detection and effective intervention by nurses in situations of family violence. The ultimate goal is to develop a guide that has utility for nurse educators in a variety of education and practice settings including community colleges, universities and health care agencies. The development of this guide will involve a wide process of consultation with nurse educators, nurse practitioners and members of community organizations concerned about violence against women and children. The consultation process will contribute to the determination of theoretical and practice issues considered essential for inclusion in nursing curricula. The manual or curricular guide will include objectives, teaching and learning strategies and resources related to each of the theoretical and practice issues.
2. The School of Nursing is also in partnership with faculty from many disciplines at the University of Ottawa, Carleton University and with members of the Regional Co-ordinating Committee on Wife Assault in an initiative aimed at establishing a centre for research on violence against women and children.

PUBLICATIONS:

1. Ross, M., Ross, P., & Carson, M. (1985). "Abuse of the Elderly". The Canadian Nurse, 36-39.
2. Ross, M. (1988). "Violence vers les aînées: Implications pour la pratique professionnelle". Actes du collogue sur la violence envers la personne âgée. Conseil sur le vieillissement d'Ottawa-Carleton.

Russell, Dr. Mary N. (School of Social Work, University of British Columbia)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Treatment programs for wife assaulters.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Resocialization vs. Anger Management: A Comparative Study of Group Programs for Wife Assaulters.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To determine the most effective treatment approach(es).

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1991-1993.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. University of British Columbia, School of Social Work.
2. Family Services of Greater Vancouver.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. 60 assaultive husbands voluntarily seeking treatment were randomly assigned to treatment groups consisting of 12 consecutive 3 hour seminars co-led by male and female therapists.
2. Measures of physical and psychological abuse, depression, emotional experiences, and male sex-role identity were taken at pre and post group, and 3 month follow-up.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

1. Preliminary results suggest treatments are equally effective.
2. Influence of male-female co-therapists imply egalitarian relationships may be more important than the treatment approach proposed.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

Report expected March 1993.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Yes. For the last ten years, Family Services of Greater Vancouver and UBC School of Social Work (M. Russell, P.I.), has been studying the family violence treatment programs.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Dr. Mary N. Russell
   School of Social Work
   University of British Columbia
   Vancouver, British Columbia
   V6T 1Z0
   (604) 822-2795

Sacco, Peter (Department of Psychology, Brock University)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Adolescents and anti-social behaviour.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Is delinquency related to preference for viewing violence, especially music videos/police/crime?

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

Unknown at this point in time.

TIME FRAME OF STUDY:

Unknown at this point in time.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Brock University.
2. Welland County RC School Board.
3. Three detention centres in the area.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Using established television research methods, two groups of high school students (all boys) having grade averages of "A" or "D" were compared with similar boys convicted of anti-social acts regarding television viewing, genre preferences, concepts of genres, self-concept, etc. Total 90 subjects, 30 per group.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY COMPLETED):

1. Delinquents watch more television, more music videos, more police, more cartoons, and less news, sports.
2. Delinquents believe music videos are more truthful and involving, believe police shows are more informative and involving, and rate selves as less truthful than "A" or "D" students.
3. Delinquents watch music videos for excitement, and the more complex (cognitive organization) delinquents rate music videos as more violent.
4. Delinquents rate police shows as real, exciting, and informative.
5. A relationship exists between anti-social behaviour (delinquents) and amount of viewing/concepts of violent genres.
6. "D" students show that lack of school success is not a major factor.
7. Need to look to family lifestyle-self-concept.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

1. "Delinquents and Non-Delinquents: Concept of Anti-Social Behaviour Seen in Music Videos and Police Shows". Honours Thesis, Brock University, 1991.
2. "Crime Shows and Music Videos: Do Delinquents Prefer Violent Television" (Journal article in preparation).
3. Presentation: Canadian Psychological Association Annual Meeting, Quebec, 1992.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

It is part of a research program on television viewing (especially violent television, viewing selection, personality) by J. Preston.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Research is for honours thesis.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Peter Sacco
   Department of Psychology
   Brock University
   St. Catharine, Ontario
   L2S 3A1
2. Dr. Joan Preston (thesis supervisor)
   Department of Psychology
   Brock University
   St. Catharine, Ontario
   L2S 3A1
   (416) 688-5550 ext. 3447

Sacco, V. (Department of Sociology, Queens University)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Conjugal violence.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Investigation of conjugal violence through the use of victimization surveys.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Analyses of secondary data.
2. Critical review of relevant literature.

TIME FRAME OF STUDY:

Open.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Queens University.
2. Statistics Canada.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Not available.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not available.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g publications, presentations, theses):

Not available.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

No.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. V. Sacco
   Department of Sociology
   Queens University
   Kingston, Ontario
   K7L 3N6
   Telephone: (613) 545-2163
   Fax: (613) 545-2871

Seeley, Terri Lee (School of Social Work, McMaster University)

WOMEN'S EXPERIENCES OF A RESIDENTIAL CORRECTIONAL SETTING

ABSTRACT:

This paper explores the socio-economic rehabilitation of women in conflict with the law by focusing on thirty-five Federally Sentenced Women who resided at the Elizabeth Fry Society Hamilton Branch group home between the years 1982 to 1988.

WOMEN'S EXPERIENCES OF A RESIDENTIAL CORRECTIONAL SETTING

are examined by tracing their vocational pathways during residency at the group home. Comparisons between their occupations at arrival to the residence and their occupations upon departure are made in order to determine if there has been any effect on their economic status during residency. The social rehabilitation of this group of women is explored by examining family relationships, substance abuse and abuse histories and staff responses to these issues.

The paper goes on to explore the women's experiences by examining issues related to care of the women and control over them. Factors related to disciplinary measures taken by staff and parole revocations are explored to highlight this dynamic tension found in this service.

A feminist will assist in the contextualizing of the women's experiences into a structural framework which leads to policy and programme development recommendations.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Terri Lee Seeley
   c/o Jane Aronson
   School of Social Work
   Togo Salmon Hall, Room 314
   McMaster University
   1280 Main Street West
   Hamilton, Ontario
   L8S 4M2
   (416) 525-9140 ext. 3795

Silverman, Robert A., Leslie W. Kennedy (University of Alberta, Department of Sociology)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Spousal and family murder.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Social relationships.
2. Victim and offender profiles, rates over time.
3. Related variables.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To investigate above topic and describe the phenomenon in Canada. (Part of a larger study on murder in Canada).

TIME FRAME OF STUDY:

1961-1990

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Solicitor General Contributions Grant.
2. Statistics Canada (for data).

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Descriptive statistics.
2. Based on "official" data.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Murder in spousal relationships (legal) has been stable over thirty years (neither rising or falling much).

Other findings too numerous to list here (see Deadly Deeds).

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

1. Silverman, Robert A., Leslie W. Kennedy. Deadly Deeds: Murder in Canada, Toronto: Nelson (Canada), 1992.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

No.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Robert A. Silverman
   Department of Sociology
   University of Alberta
   Edmonton, Alberta
   T6G 2H4
2. Leslie W. Kennedy
   Department of Sociology
   University of Alberta
   Edmonton, Alberta
   T6G 2H4

Smith, M.J. (British Columbia/Yukon Society of Transition Houses)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Transition houses, safe home programs, programs for batterers.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Availability and adequacy of resources and services available to battered women in British Columbia.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To research and document the available services to battered women and their children throughout the province.
2. To recommend guidelines that will improve the existing services and provide greater accessibility to women and their children who are victims of violence.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

September 1990 to March 1992.

AGENCIES INVOLVED:

1. B.C./Yukon Society of Transition Houses.
2. Ministry of Social Services.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Development of a lengthy questionnaire; trial cases proved that personal interviews would also be necessary.
2. Questionnaires were sent to candidates two weeks prior to interviews so they could gather any pertinent information.
3. Personal interviews were held with coordinators, executive directors, and collective members.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Recommendations regarding funding, staffing, standardization of services, training and monitoring.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS:

M.J. (Greta) Smith. "Stepping Stones: A Report on Shelter for Abused Women and Children in British Columbia". British Columbia/Yukon Society of Transition Houses; 1992.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Yes.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. M.J. (Greta) Smith
   British Columbia/Yukon Society of Transition Houses

Sobsey, Dr. Dick (Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta)

SUBJECT MATTER:

1. Child abuse, sexual abuse, sexual assault, and battery experienced by people with disabilities.
2. Institutional abuse.
3. Offenders with disabilities.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Ecological factors linking abuse and disability.
2. Attachment disruptions.
3. Prevention strategies.
4. Treatment accessibility and appropriateness.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To identify a range of treatment alternatives.
2. To validate prevention methods.
3. To refine the ecological model.

TIME FRAME OF STUDY:

Began in 1987, currently funded through 1992.

AGENCIES INVOLVED:

1. University of Alberta's Abuse and Disability Project.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Pattern analysis of case reports.
2. Comprehensive literature review.
3. Expert rankings validations.
4. Qualitative analysis of interviews.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

1. People with disabilities are more likely to be victims of violence than people without disabilities.
2. Significant harm is suffered.
3. Victim's treatment is often inaccessible or inappropriate.
4. Traditional model of stress-dependency theory is not supported.
5. Model consistent with findings suggest ecological factors, counter-control dysfunctions, and attachment disruptions.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, thesis):

1. Sobsey, Dick, Sharmaine Gray, Don Wells, Diane Pyper, Beth Reimer-Heck (1991). Disability, Sexuality, and Abuse: An Annotated Bibliograghy. Paul Brookes Publishing Co. Baltimore, MD.
2. University of Alberta Abuse & Disability Project: News and Notes.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Ongoing program studies violence and disability relationships in family and alternative environments.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Dr. Dick Sobsey
   Educational Psychology
   6-102 Education North
   University of Alberta
   Edmonton, Alberta
   T6G 2G5
   (403) 492-3755

Sobsey, Dr. Dick, Mary Ann Bibby, Sheila Mansell (Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Abuse and disability - patterns, incidence, prevention strategies, treatment.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Sexual and physical abuse incidence, prevention strategies, and treatment for peoples with disabilities.
2. Patterns of abuse.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To develop an ecological model to explain abuse of people with disabilities.
2. To determine patterns of abuse and compare these to a control group (victimization survey).
3. To determine the effectiveness of prevention strategies validation study (survey of professionals).
4. To compile an update of abuse, disability, and sexuality (annotated bibliography).

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1992-1995

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

Several agencies provided support and assistance to project (distribution of survey forms, etc.).

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Procedure includes two survey forms, one for people with disabilities, and one for people without disabilities.
2. Surveys assess the experience of abuse (treatment access, availability, appropriateness, attributes of offenders and victims, offenders relationship with victim, number and nature of abuse episodes, impact for abuse victims).
3. Surveys were sent to advocacy, service agencies and sexual assault centres.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY COMPLETED):

Between 1987-1990, 170 questionnaires were returned to the project. Respondents included 119 people with disabilities, and 51 respondents with other sensory and motor disabilities. Results* suggest that:

1. Abuse and assault are frequently repeated or chronic.
2. They often result in significant harm to the victim and are rarely reported to child welfare or law enforcement authorities.

   Many offenses are committed by paid service providers and occur in disability service settings.

3. However, other offenses occur in the same situations as abuse and assault of victims without disabilities.
4. Charges and convictions are rare, and victims with disabilities frequently experience difficulty obtaining treatment services that are accessible and appropriate to their needs.

(* Results from the first part. Second part to start this year).

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

1. Publications: annotated bibliography and journal articles.
2. Presentations: conferences, meetings, and seminars (international and national).

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

No, research does not examine offender criminal family functioning at this point in time.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Dr. Dick Sobsey
   Abuse and Disability Project Principal Researcher
   6-102 Education North
   University of Alberta
   Edmonton, Alberta
   T6G 2G5
   (403) 492-3755
2. Mary Ann Bibby
   6-102 Education North
   University of Alberta
   Edmonton, Alberta
   T6G 2G5
   (403) 492-3697
3. Sheila Mansell
   6-102 Education North
   University of Alberta
   Edmonton, Alberta
   T6G 2G5
   (403) 492-1142

Stalker, Carol A., Dr. Felicity Davies (Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Adult female victims of childhood sexual abuse: attachment, organization, and adaptation.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Does the quality of the relationship with the mother mitigate the negative effects of childhood sexual abuse by a close male relative?

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Explore relationship between attachment, organization, and long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Data collected by spring 1992 and now report is available.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. University Hospital - London, Ontario.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Forty subjects (female, between 18 years and 60 years) who were sexually abused by a father, father figure, uncle, grandfather, or much older brother.
2. Sexual abuse involved genital fondling and/or intercourse and age of onset was between 5 and 11 years.
3. Subjects were given the Adult Attachment Interview (Main & Goldwyn, 1984), the Description of Significant Other (Marziali & Oleuiuk, 1990), Global Assessment Scale and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnosis on DSM-111-R (SCID-II).

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not stated.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESES):

Not stated.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Not stated.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A GRADUATE STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Principal researcher is a Ph.D. candidate, and this research is for her thesis requirement.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Carol A. Stalker, Senior Social Worker
   Department of Psychiatry
   University Hospital
   P.O. Box 5339, Postal Station "A"
   London, Ontario
   N6A 5A5
2. Dr. Felicity Davies, Psychiatrist
   Department of Psychiatry
   University Hospital
   P.O. Box 5339, Postal Station "A"
   London, Ontario
   N6A 5A5

Thibault, Dr. Gisele (Trent University)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Battered and still not beaten: the social and political dynamics of spousal assault.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Transition house workers and their concerns/needs.
2. The role of cooperative housing in providing alternatives to market-based or assistance level subsidized apartments.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. The project is an analysis of the political and social dynamics of spousal assault in Ontario. This analysis will be grounded in an understanding of women who have left abusive domestic environments, and/or become involved with the criminal justice system as a result.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

The time frame of the study will be between 1989 and the current time period.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Have recently received funding from Trent University SSHRC Committee on research.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Examination of how the media has covered the problems of spousal assault since the Montreal Massacre (archival work, media content analysis, interview methodologies, questionnaires, the collection and collation of 100 shelter data bases). Statistical collection of numbers of women, profiles of homes, backgrounds, etc.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

In Canada as elsewhere, violence against women has received the increasing attention of social scientists, policy-makers, governments, social service workers and community-based women's organizations. Available statistics on physical, psychological, and sexual violence reveal that this problem is so prevalent in our society that the majority of women can expect to be victims of violence at some point in their lives. Consequently, the public concern generated by this national problem, has placed spousal assault on the state's agenda on gender equality.

Much of the research conducted to date has focused on the incidences of violence and on the individual batterer or victim. While this approach is important, it is clear that such a focus does not help us understand the multifaceted character of this problem, especially the kinds of social problems that result from violence against women.

What is urgently required then, is an analysis which advances our current knowledge of the political and social dynamics of spousal assault and which reconceptualizes violence against women as a complex interplay of many factors. In particular, such an analysis must be grounded in an understanding of the immediate needs of women who have left abusive domestic environments and those who work most closely with them. This program of research then, is above all a response to this need.

Informed by the insights of feminist sociological theory, the proposed program of study then, has a three-fold mandate. First, it will examine how the media has covered the problems of spousal assault since the aftermath of the Montreal Massacre in 1989, which vastly heightened media concentration on violence. Second, the program is concerned to understand what women who have been abused, and the transition workers helping them, identify as the difficulties and problems they face in 1992-1993.

Third, I will investigate the role of the co-operative housing movement in meeting the urgent housing needs of women upon leaving the transition house or shelter, and its role in providing a supportive community environment in which women have more control as members. Housing co-operatives offer a vital alternative living arrangement to state-subsidized housing. Thus it is important to grasp the potentials of women's housing co-operatives as vehicles for their empowerment. These general research/project areas frame and contour the three year program.

The results of the research will be disseminated both through the customary academic channels and to those directly linked in front line work in the community.

The funding being applied for herein will enable me to initiate the first phase of this research; prepare the questionnaire to conduct archival and documentary analysis of violence against women.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g publications, presentations, thesis):

Research will be disseminated through the customary academic channels, will culminate in a major report to be distributed to relevant agencies, front line workers, and a book on the topic is planned.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

No.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Dr. Gisele Thibault
   c/o LEC S# 107
   Trent University
   Peterborough, Ontario
   K8J 7B8
   Telephone: (705) 748-1334 (work)
   (705) 748-1430 (messages)
   (705) 742-4228 (home)

Van Dieten, M. (John Howard Society of Ottawa)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Family Enrichment Program: John Howard Society of Ottawa.

This is a research demonstration project which provides treatment services for federal offenders, their partners and children. Subjects are accepted into the program if they are currently experiencing or at risk for family violence/dysfunction. Treatment services include: separate men's and women's programs; relationship building; parenting; and a children's support program. Crisis intervention is provided on an ongoing basis.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Establish a program which supports the effective reintegration of offenders into the community.
2. Evaluate program effectiveness using specified criteria such as safety and protection planning, skill development, attitudinal change, and a reduction in violence.
3. Determine the specific needs of this client group and disseminate appropriate information at the local and national level.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. To identify predictors of family violence and examine the consequences of abuse for men, women, and children.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment intervention strategies for this specific client group.
3. Examination of client needs and characteristics with treatment issues and service.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

This is a 4.5 year demonstration project which began in December, 1990 and will continue until July 1995.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

The John Howard Society of Ottawa has been contracted to implement the project. Funding for the project is being provided by the Correctional Service of Canada.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

A sample pre-post test design is implemented.

Subjects are recruited from local agencies (e.g. parole office; John Howard Society main office; etc.), and directly from institutions in the Kingston area.

Participation is restricted to federal offenders, their partners, and children who are experiencing family violence or who are at risk for violence. Subjects are recruited on a voluntary basis.

Multiple measures are administered to ensure the systematic evaluation of research goals. Client and worker-reported data is gathered prior to treatment, during treatment, and immediately upon program completion.

Client progress is evaluated every three months until case closure using an agency risk/need assessment and staff ratings of improvement. Measures of official recidivism are determined during a six month follow up period to specify the number, type, and severity of new offences. Finally reports of violent incidents are gathered from victims and perpetrators at six months following closure.

A variety of core and optional treatment programs are offered utilizing a combination of individual, couple, and group treatment modalities. Staff determine the entry point and type of service needed. Client involvement varies according to need and risk level.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESIS):

Publications:

Faulkner, P., Van Dieten, M., Graham, I.J., Hawkins, J., Wadel, D., and Andrews, D. (In Press). "The Family Enrichment Program of the John Howard Society: Research Report". User Report: Research and Statistics Branch, Correctional Service Canada.

Paper Presentations:

Van Dieten, M., Graham, I.J., Faulkner, P., and Andrews, D. (1992). Correlates of Criminality and Family Violence in a Community Based Sample of Federally Sentenced Males and Their Female Partners. Paper delivered to the annual convention of the Canadian Psychological Association, Quebec City.

Van Dieten, M. and Graham, I.J. (1992). A Family Violence Community Treatment Project for Federally Released Offenders and Their Families. Paper delivered to the annual convention of the Canadian Psychological Association, Quebec City.

Graham, I.J. and Van Dieten, M. (1992). A Community Intervention Program for Federal Offenders and Their Families: Interim Results. Paper delivered to the annual Ontario Halfway House Association, Kingston.

Poster Presentations:

Faulkner, P., Andrews, A., and Van Dieten, M. (1992). Predictors of Family Violence in a Sample of Federal Parolees. Poster presented at the annual convention of the Canadian Psychological Association, Quebec City.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Funding for the program will be provided until March 1995 by Correctional Service Canada. At present, attempts are being made to ensure ongoing funding at program completion.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. Marilyn Van Dieten
   Supervisor
   John Howard Society of Ottawa
   933 Somerset St. W.
   Ottawa, Ontario
   K1R 6R8
   (613) 594-5110

Van Dieten, M. (John Howard Society of Ottawa)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Overcoming Family Violence: A Program for Adolescents. John Howard Society of Ottawa.

This is a research demonstration project which provides treatment services for adolescents (12-18 years of age) who have witnessed family violence. Violence refers to all forms of abuse - physical, sexual, psychological, and emotional.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Examination of the effects of family violence on youth.
2. Development and evaluation of intervention strategies for adolescents who have witnessed family violence.
3. Ability to provide safety and protection planning for youth. Prevention of further victimization and/or the perpetration of violent behaviour in future relationships.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. The identification of risk and adjustment factors for youth who have witnessed family violence.
2. Systematic evaluation of treatment outcome using a quasi-experimental design.
3. Determination of appropriate treatment strategies for high risk youth (e.g. who benefits most from treatment).

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

This is a three year demonstration project which began in April 1992 and will end in March 1995.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

The John Howard Society of Ottawa has been contracted to implement the project. Health and Welfare has provided program funding and the Secretariat is assisting with advisory support.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

A quasi-experimental design will be used.

The treatment group will consist of 100 subjects from 12-18 years of age who meet the following criteria:

1. Have witnessed family violence.
2. Display evidence of conduct problems.
3. Live independently from the family.
4. Agree to attend on a voluntary basis.

An assessment battery will be completed at intake, immediately following program completion, and at a three month follow up period.

Process measures have also been developed to provide an ongoing assessment of client satisfaction and progress.

Treatment consists of twelve 90 minute sessions.

Group and individual therapy will be offered using a cognitive behavioral approach.

The comparison group will consist of 100 subjects from 12-18 years who have similar abuse and social histories to the treatment group but who are unwilling to partake in treatment.

Subjects will be recruited from open and closed custody facilities, the Children's Aid Society, Youth Services Bureau, and other community agencies.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not available at present.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (E.G. PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, THESIS):

Not available at present.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Funding was made available through the Family Violence Division of Health and Welfare and this support will terminate in March 1995. One objective of the demonstration project is to establish a National Steering Committee to assist with the dissemination of research findings and with obtaining ongoing funding in this and other communities.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

Contact person:
Marilyn Van Dieten, Ph.D.
John Howard Society of Ottawa
933 Somerset St. W.
Ottawa, Ontario
K1R 6R8
(613) 594-5110

White, James M. (School of Family Sciences, University of British Columbia)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Family career deviance.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Deviance in family career sequencing and timing.
2. Family norms and the effects of various institutions.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Theory and research into family development.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

Research career of principal author.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Social Science and Humanities Research Council

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

1. Secondary data analysis, Statistics Canada
2. Family history survey 1984, Statistics Canada
3. General Social Survey, Statistics Canada 1990

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS:

See book.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS:

1. White, James M (1991). Dynamics of Family Development. Guilford Publications, NY.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Ongoing research program on family career deviance in relation to social change.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. James M. White
   2205 East Mall
   School of Family Sciences
   University of British Columbia
   Vancouver, British Columbia
   V6T 1W5

Wolfe, David A., Christine Wekerle, Robin McGee, Robert Gough (Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario)

SUBJECT MATTER:

Violence against women.

ISSUE(S) UNDER INVESTIGATION:

1. Ways to prevent inter-generational violence among victims of family violence.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

1. Intervention program with youth from violent families to demonstrate short and long term changes in attitude, behaviour and knowledge regarding violence in relationships.

TIME FRAME OF THE STUDY:

1990 through 1996.

AGENCIES INVOLVED (LEAD/SUPPORT):

1. Institute for the Prevention of Child Abuse.
2. University of Western Ontario.
3. London Children's Aid Society.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Provide intervention program (16 weeks) for 15 years old who are under the care of Children's Aid Societies. This program will involve an intervention and a control condition. The intervention condition will receive information, skills training, and group discussion concerning violence against women and children. Methodology will involve pre/post analysis, as well as longitudinal follow-up.

MAJOR RESULTS AND FINDINGS (IF STUDY IS COMPLETED):

Not applicable.

RESEARCH PRODUCTS (e.g. publications, presentations, thesis):

Not applicable. Program (intervention) manual is currently available.

IS THIS PART OF AN ONGOING PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON OFFENDER/ CRIMINAL FAMILY FUNCTIONING?

Not applicable.

IF THE PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER IS A STUDENT, PLEASE INDICATE AT WHAT LEVEL THE STUDENT IS STUDYING AND WHETHER THIS RESEARCH IS FOR HIS OR HER THESIS REQUIREMENT.

Not applicable.

AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS:

1. David A. Wolfe
2. Christine Wekerle
3. Robin McGee
4. Robert Gough

Department of Psychology
University of Western Ontario
London, Ontario
N6A 5C2
(519) 661-3683

YURCHESYN, KATHLEEN A., Crisis Worker, ANN KEITH, Executive Director, and EDWARD RENNER, Board Member Service for Sexual Assault Victims, Halifax, N.S. (Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University)

Contrasting Perspectives on the Nature of Sexual Assault Provided by a Service for Sexual Assault Victims and by the Law Courts.

ABSTRACT:

Two data sources (a sexual assault service and the law courts) were examined for a five year period (1983-1988) to provide an empirical description of the nature of both adult sexual assault (rape) and child sexual abuse. The community based sexual assault service responded to 1,236 cases; over the same period, 116 cases appeared before the Halifax Law Courts. The women who were the victims of sexual assault, and who sought help from the sexual assault service, were seldom injured and were raped most often by social acquaintances. The cases that appeared in court were similarly social in nature, but in contrast were characterized by injury, the use of a weapon and often serious harm to the victim. When the woman had violated social norms (e.g. been drinking) she could expect a trial by jury and extensive publicity. For the children who were sexually abused, the records of the agency showed that they were overwhelmingly victimized by family members. However, it was strangers and social acquaintances who were most likely to appear in court. The official court records support the traditional view that sexual assault is an infrequent event, and when it does occur, blamable women are sexually assaulted by crazy men, and children are abused by those outside the family. The records of the sexual assault service, in contrast, present a picture of a "rape culture" in which large numbers of women are sexually assaulted in the context of pursuing normal heterosexual social activities, and children are abused in their own homes largely by family members.

Following are excerpts from Health and Welfare Canada and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada's News Release, dated November 13, 1992, announcing the establishment of five new Research Centres on Family Violence and Violence Against Women across the country. Included are fact sheets of each of the Centres.

BACKGROUNDER FAMILY VIOLENCE AND VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN RESEARCH CENTRES A JOINT INITIATIVE OF HEALTH AND WELFARE CANADA AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA

Following the murders of fourteen women at École Polytechnique on December 6, 1989, the Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT) proposed to the Prime Minister that centres on family violence and violence against women be established. These centres would research the dominant factors (social, psychological, economic, etc.) that contribute to such violence, and conduct research on effective measures to prevent family violence and violence against women.

Health and Welfare Canada and SSHRC responded to this request by issuing a call for proposals. Research teams affiliated with any Canadian post-secondary institution were encouraged to enter the competition. Forty-three groups representing partnerships between universities and community service organizations submitted applications to establish a Centre under the program. The winning proposals were chosen through a competitive, peer review, adjudication process. A special arms-length selection committee evaluated the forty-three applications to determine their excellence with respect to the objectives and criteria of the program and recommended that five research centres be funded. The eight-person committee was an independent multidisciplinary group of experts from both the research and community services sectors.

The five successful applicants based at the Universities of New Brunswick, Western Ontario, Manitoba, British Columbia, and l'Université de Montréal have each been granted $500,000 over five years.

The successful submissions showed on-going collaboration between the community and academic components of the research centre; demonstrated the ability to impart research training opportunities; planned to communicate their findings to policy makers and the general public; and will be financially self-sufficient within five years.

Health and Welfare Canada and SSHRC will provide equal funding for the Centres under SSHRC's Joint Initiatives Program, launched in 1989 to involve public and private sector organizations in supporting research into contemporary issues of national interest. SSHRC is the primary federal funding agency for supporting research and training in the social sciences and humanities. The Council will invest approximately $92.5 million this year in fellowships, basic and strategic research grants and research dissemination programs.

FACTSHEET - NEW BRUNSWICK

PARTICIPANTS: The Centre will be housed on the Fredericton Campus of the University of New Brunswick and will be a collaborative venture between the University of New Brunswick, St. Thomas University, and l'Université de Moncton, together with a broad range of community partners. These include the New Brunswick Coalition of Transition Houses, the Regional Committee on Women Abuse and Early Childhood Coalition Petite Enfance.

FOCUS OF RESEARCH: The main focus of this Centre will be family violence in farm and rural communities. A major thrust of the Centre will be to conduct longitudinal research which follows individuals and families for a generation in order to understand the cycle of violence. The Centre will also investigate the role of religion in the prevention of family violence, violence experienced by women in junior and senior high school relationships, and the factors influencing battered women to leave, remain outside, or return to an abusive relationship. A study involving school children will attempt to counteract media portrayals of violence. New research questions may be formulated as important issues arise.

FUNDING: One hundred thousand dollars per year over the next five years will be provided to the Centre from SSHRC and Health and Welfare Canada. Additional funding will also be provided by the University of New Brunswick, Government of New Brunswick, and external grants will also be sought. After five years, the Centre is expected to become self-sufficient through on-going funding provided by the Muriel McQueen Ferguson Foundation, a charitable trust which is located in Fredericton and was established in 1985.

CONTACT:
UNIVERSITY OF NEW BRUNSWICK
Peter Kent, Dean of Arts
Tel: (506) 453-4655
Fax: (506) 453-5102

FACTSHEET - QUEBEC

PARTICIPANTS: The Centre will be a collaborative venture between Université de Montréal, Université Laval, McGill University and the Fédération des CLSC du Québec.

FOCUS OF RESEARCH: The research agenda will concentrate on two themes: effective prevention, and a better understanding of the factors contributing to family violence. The Centre plans to identify, develop and evaluate prevention programs. This will be accomplished by gaining a better understanding of the factors that play a role in violent family relationships. Ultimately, the Centre hopes to contribute to the identification of causes of wife abuse, child abuse and elder abuse. Training and education are also important aspects of the Centre's proposal.

FUTURE FUNDING: The research team has a strong record of funding provided for team or individual projects from a variety of sources. For the years 1992-1995, for example, $1.3 million has already been granted to members of the Centre from various sponsors in the private and public sectors. These funds will be an addition to the support from the Université de Montréal. One hundred thousand dollars per year over the next five years will be provided to the Centre from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and Health and Welfare Canada, after which the Centre is expected to become self sufficient.

CONTACT:
UNIVERSITÉ de MONTRÉAL
Maryse Rinfret-Raynor
Tel: (514) 343-6596
Fax: (514) 343-2493

FACTSHEET - ONTARIO

PARTICIPANTS: The Centre is a collaborative venture between the London Co-ordinating Committee to End Woman Abuse, Fanshawe College, and the University of Western Ontario.

FOCUS OF RESEARCH: The Centre will evaluate the effectiveness of London's integrated service network, and the rehabilitative programs that are delivered to men who batter. Research will also include an investigation of the possibilities for compensation such as civil litigation, and how to address the underlying causes of aggression in a preventative manner. Educational materials and training opportunities will be available to students and community workers.

FUNDING: Fanshawe College and the University of Western Ontario have pledged to set aside funds for the first five years of the project. The London Co-ordinating Committee to End Woman Abuse has contributed space and personnel. Additional funds may be garnered from various associations with a vested interest in a particular project. One hundred thousand dollars per year over the next five years will be provided to the Centre from SSHRC and Health and Welfare Canada, after which the Centre is expected to become self sufficient.

CONTACT:
UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO
Roma Harris
Tel: (519) 661-3542
Fax: (519) 661-3506

FACTSHEET - MANITOBA

PARTICIPANTS: The Centre will be a collaborative venture between three universities: the University of Manitoba, the University of Winnipeg, Brandon University, and community partners. These include the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs, Ma Mawi Wi Chi Itata Centre, the Age & Opportunity Elder Abuse Resource Centre and Provincial policy agencies.

FOCUS OF RESEARCH: The Centre will investigate creative community prevention efforts, the impact of the state on protecting the vulnerable and treating offenders, and the prevalence, determinants, and causes of family violence and violence against women. While addressing these issues, attention will be given to the unique characteristics of urban, rural and northern communities, acknowledging the rich and varied demographic attributes of these populations. A focus on the innovative programming within the Aboriginal and multicultural groups will be of special interest in the Centre's activities. One of the first initiatives of the Centre, now underway, is the establishment of a permanent data collection system for the Family Violence Court in the Manitoba Department of Justice. Funding is being provided by the Canadian Centre on Justice Statistics.

FUNDING: Further funding for this program will be provided by the universities. In particular, the University of Manitoba's program development fund and research development fund have been identified with other funding still under consideration. The Centre has received donations of time and personnel from the Premier and the Provincial Minister of Family Services. One hundred thousand dollars per year over the next five years will be provided to the Centre from SSHRC and Health and Welfare Canada, after which the Centre is expected to become self sufficient.

CONTACT:
UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA
Barbara Crutchley
Tel: (204) 474-9373
Fax: (204) 261-0325

FACTSHEET - BRITISH COLUMBIA

PARTICIPANTS: The funds for the Centre will be administered by the University of British Columbia's Centre for Research in Women's Studies and Gender Relations, Simon Fraser University's Feminist Institute for Studies on Law and Society, and the Women's Research Centre. These groups form the Feminist Consortium. Community partners include Battered Women's Support Services, Women Against Violence Against Women and the Multilingual Orientation Services Association for Immigrant Communities (MOSAIC). The Centre's work will be coordinated by a team made up of the following women: Jan Barnslay, Karlene Faith, Janet Freeman, Margaret Jackson and Angela Henderson. The co-ordinating team will be supported by a steering committee comprised of members of community groups and academics, including: Ninu Kang, Johannah Pilot, Deborah Prieur, Veronica Strong-Boag, and Anneke Van Vlier.

FOCUS OF RESEARCH: The Centre's research agenda will be developed in consultation with community groups working on violence against women to determine their research needs. Research priorities will be decided according to the following criteria:

• relevance and potential application to the work of front line groups;
• importance to women of First Nations, women of colour, immigrant and refugee women, women with disabilities, women in isolated/rural communities, children, younger women, older women, and lesbians;
• usefulness in identifying a need for policy changes (in government and institutions) and implementing these changes;
• usefulness in improving intervention services or prevention strategies;
• usefulness to the examination of factors which cause or perpetuate family violence and violence against women.

FUNDING: One hundred thousand dollars per year over the next five years will be provided to the Centre from SSHRC and Health and Welfare Canada, after which the Centre is expected to become self-sufficient. The Centre's co-ordinating team will anticipate interest and support from a wide range of institutions and funding agencies.

CONTACTS:

UBC Centre for Research in Women's Studies and Gender Relations (604) 822-9171

SFU Feminist Institute for Studies on Law and Society (604) 291-3213

Women's Research Centre (604) 734-0485