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2005 No B-37 PDF
By
Laurence L. Motiuk & Ben Vuong
Research Branch
Correctional Service of Canada
January, 2005
Sentence administration and demographic information on offenders under federal jurisdiction (those serving sentences of two years or longer) is routinely collected by the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC). In 1993, the CSC converted from the Offender Information System (O.I.S.) to the Offender Management System (O.M.S.). The Service had historically reported offender population statistics through quarterly publications and monthly snapshots using the Offender Population Profile System. Therefore, caution should be taken when comparing data derived from O.M.S. to data from previous years.
This report summarizes data gathered for an eleventh time1 on homicide, sex, robbery and drug offenders in federal corrections. These end-of-2004 numbers reflect the prevalence or the number of offenders who have these types of crimes under federal jurisdiction. While the total number of offenders with these crimes is likely to be an underestimate, the statistical profiles generated in this report may be seen to provide general indicators of the extent and nature of these types of offenders. More specifically, distributions with respect to security level and release status as well as region are given. Comparisons are made with end-of-1994 figures to establish trends. Further, descriptive statistics in relation to gender, age, ethnicity and nature of offence are also provided.
Note: Selection criteria used to define the current federal offender population excluded the following O.M.S. Offender Current Status Table codes: deceased, on bail, sentence completed, suspended unlawfully at large, and suspended temporary detained.
1 L.L. Motiuk and B. Vuong, Statistical Profiles of Homicide, Sex, Robbery and Drug Offenders in Federal Corrections: An End-of-2003 Review ( Ottawa : Correctional Service Canada , 2004).
In Canada , the crimes classified as homicide include first degree murder, second-degree murder, manslaughter and infanticide. Deaths caused by criminal negligence, suicide, accidental or justifiable homicides are not included.
Although homicides represent less than 1% of all violent crimes, criminal justice agencies have been collecting homicide statistics since 1961 to closely monitor the extent and trends of such offenses. In 2003, the homicide rate in Canada was 1.7 per 100,000.
The following is an end-of-2004 review of statistical information available on homicide offenders then under federal jurisdiction.
Total Homicide Population
Incarcerated Homicide Population
Conditional Release Homicide Population
Gender
Age
Ethnicity
The following is an end-of-2004 review of statistical information available on sex offenders then under federal jurisdiction.
Total Sex Offender Population
Incarcerated Sex Offender Population
Conditional Release Sex Offender Population
Gender
Age
Ethnicity
In Canada, the crimes classified as robbery include: armed robbery and robbery with violence, threats or use of a weapon. Break and enter with intent to commit robbery is not included.
Although robberies represent less than 10% of all violent crimes, criminal justice agencies regularly collect robbery statistics to monitor the extent and trends of these offenses.
The following is an end-of-2004 review of the statistical information available on robbery offenders then under federal jurisdiction.
Total Robbery Population
Incarcerated Robbery Population
Conditional Release Robbery Population
Gender
Age
Ethnicity
In Canada, the crimes classified as drug offenses include those under the Food and Drug Act (FDA) and the Narcotics Control Act (NCA).
The following is an end-of-2004 review of statistical information available on drug offenders then under federal jurisdiction.
Total Drug Offender Population
Incarcerated Drug Offender Population
Conditional Release Drug Offender Population
Gender
Age
Ethnicity
|
YEAR | # | (%) | CUSTODY # (%) |
COMMUNITY # (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HOMICIDE:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
4,393 4,318 4,553 4,771 4,695 4,814 4,881 5,036 5,010 5,081 5,130 |
(20.0) (18.9) (20.1) (21.5) (21.9) (21.9) (22.2) (23.1) (23.5) (23.9) (24.1) |
2,896 (65.9) 2,784 (64.5) 3,002 (65.9) 3,122 (65.4) 2,992 (63.7) 2,998 (62.3) 3,025 (62.0) 3,124 (62.0) 3,055 (61.0) 3,083 (60.7) 3,086 (60.2) |
1,497 (34.1) 1,534 (35.5) 1,551 (34.1) 1,649 (34.6) 1,703 (36.3) 1,816 (37.7) 1,856 (38.0) 1,912 (38.0) 1,955 (39.0) 1,998 (39.3) 2,044 (39;8) |
SEX:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
3,748 3,875 4,041 3,914 3,676 3,564 3,428 3,303 3,202 3,073 2,947 |
(16.9) (17.0) (17.9) (17.6) (17.1) (16.2) (15.6) (15.2) (15.0) (14.5) (13.8) |
2,703 (72.1) 2,766 (71.3) 2,974 (73.6) 2,771 (70.8) 2,433 (66.1) 2,307 (64.7) 2,269 (66.2) 2,254 (68.2) 2,155 (67.3) 2,043 (66.5) 1,963 (66.6) |
1,045 (27.9) 1,109 (28.7) 1,067 (26.4) 1,143 (29.2) 1,243 (33.9) 1,257 (35.5) 1,159 (33.8) 1,049 (31.8) 1,047 (32.7) 1,030 (33.5) 984 (33.4) |
ROBBERY:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
7,408 7,199 7,418 7,136 6,850 6,911 6,882 6,810 6,590 6,575 6,483 |
(33.5) (31.6) (32.8) (32.1) (31.9) (31.4) (31.3) (31.3) (37.3) (31.0) (30.5) |
4,824 (65.1) 4,606 (63.9) 4,902 (66.1) 4,737 (66.4) 4,190 (61.2) 4,322 (62.5) 4,295 (62.4) 4,322 (63.5) 4,133 (62.7) 4,141 (63.0) 3,932 (60.7) |
2,584 (34.9) 2,593 (36.1) 2,516 (33.9) 2,399 (33.6) 2,660 (38.8) 2,589 (37.5) 2,587 (37.6) 2,488 (36.5) 2,457 (37.3) 2,434 (37.0) 2,551 (39.3) |
DRUG:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
5,117 5,310 5,615 5,515 5,437 5,760 5,779 5,761 5,569 5,504 5,516 |
(23.1) (23.3) (24.8) (24.8) (25.3) (26.2) (26.3) (26.5) (26.2) (25.9) (25.9) |
2,540 (49.6) 2,590 (48.8) 2,899 (51.6) 2,659 (48.2) 2,398 (44.1) 2,574 (44.7) 2,548 (44.7) 2,668 (46.3) 2,512 (45.1) 2,539 (46.1) 2,622 (47.5) |
2,577 (50.4) 2,720 (51.2) 2,716 (48.4) 2,856 (51.8) 3,039 (55.9) 3,186 (55.3) 3,231 (55.3) 3,093 (53.7) 3,057 (54.9) 2,965 (53.7) 2,884 (52.5) |
YEAR | # | MINIMUM % |
MEDIUM % |
MAXIMUM % |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HOMICIDE: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
2,896 2,784 3,002 3,122 2,992 2,998 3,008 3,124 3,055 3,083 3,086 |
11.6 13.1 15.7 17.1 17.7 18.4 21.1 18.2 18.1 18.3 19.0 |
55.2 56.3 56.4 58.2 56.8 56.6 55.7 56.1 55.0 54.9 52.5 |
33.2 29.7 27.9 24.7 26.5 25.0 23.1 25.7 26.9 26.8 28.5 |
SEX:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
2,703 2,766 2,974 2,771 2,433 2,307 2,264 2,254 2,155 2,036 1,963 |
11.6 11.9 11.5 12.6 14.6 15.0 16.1 15.1 14.1 14.1 14.6 |
66.0 67.8 68.6 68.4 67.1 63.2 61.4 63.5 63.2 64.5 63.2 |
22.4 20.0 19.9 19.0 18.3 21.0 22.5 21.4 22.7 21.4 22.2 |
ROBBERY: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
4,824 4,606 4,902 4,737 4,190 4,322 4,261 4,322 4,133 4,130 3,932 |
8.1 8.8 9.3 11.5 12.7 12.6 13.5 11.2 10.2 10.5 11.2 |
63.4 62.4 63.9 63.1 62.2 60.5 59.5 60.6 61.2 64.1 60.0 |
28.5 27.7 26.8 25.4 25.1 26.9 27.0 28.1 28.7 25.4 28.7 |
DRUG:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
2,540 2,590 2,899 2,659 2,398 2,574 2,542 2,668 2,512 2,536 2,622 |
16.4 16.3 17.4 19.3 23.1 20.2 20.0 16.3 15.5 16.3 17.1 |
61.0 60.6 59.7 59.7 56.1 55.1 54.0 57.2 57.8 58.1 54.9 |
22.6 22.5 22.9 21.0 20.8 24.7 26.0 26.5 26.7 25.6 28.1 |
YEAR | # | DAY PAROLE % |
FULL PAROLE % |
STATUTORY RELEASE % |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HOMICIDE: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
1,497 1,534 1,551 1,649 1,703 1,816 1,856 1,912 1,955 1,998 2,044 |
14.4 13.8 12.8 15.7 16.0 15.1 14.9 14.4 15.6 15.2 15.0 |
79.7 79.1 79.1 74.3 74.3 74.0 74.8 76.0 74.3 75.2 74.5 |
5.9 7.0 8.1 10.1 9.7 11.0 10.3 9.6 10.1 9.6 10.5 |
SEX:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
1,045 1,109 1,007 1,143 1,243 1,257 1,159 1,048 1,047 1,029 984 |
15.2 12.3 12.3 14.0 12.7 15.8 13.0 13.2 11.0 12.5 11.7 |
42.0 38.1 35.6 31.5 33.2 33.4 32.8 33.2 30.6 29.4 31.1 |
42.7 49.4 52.1 54.5 54.1 50.8 54.2 53.6 58.5 58.1 57.2 |
ROBBERY: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
2,584 2,593 2,516 2,339 2,660 2,589 2,587 2,488 2,457 2,434 2,551 |
21.6 19.5 16.1 17.1 20.7 19.0 16.2 16.0 15.3 15.3 16.7 |
41.5 36.3 34.0 31.8 29.1 31.7 31.8 30.6 27.4 25.2 22.8 |
36.7 44.1 49.9 51.1 50.2 49.2 52.0 53.4 57.3 59.5 60.5 |
DRUG:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
2,577 2,720 2,716 2,856 3,039 3,186 3,232 3,091 3,057 2,963 2,894 |
14.9 12.1 10.2 15.9 17.0 18.7 15.4 15.2 15.2 13.7 15.8 |
64.9 63.4 63.4 59.4 56.7 57.3 58.0 55.6 52.1 50.5 48.5 |
20.2 24.5 26.4 24.7 26.3 24.0 26.6 29.2 34.5 35.8 35.8 |
END-OF-YEAR | ATLANTIC % |
QUEBEC % |
ONTARIO % |
PRAIRIES % |
PACIFIC % |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HOMICIDE: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
6.7 6.7 6.9 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.8 6.8 |
27.2 27.2 26.9 27.1 26.8 26.8 26.5 26.2 26.5 26.2 26.2 |
29.9 29.7 29.5 28.6 29.0 28.8 28.6 28.2 27.9 27.6 27.6 |
18.8 18.6 18.4 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 19.3 19.6 19.7 19.8 |
17.4 17.8 18.3 18.9 18.7 18.9 19.3 19.4 19.3 19.7 20.1 |
SEX: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
13.0 12.4 11.4 10.7 9.7 9.5 9.4 10.1 10.0 10.1 10.3 |
20.1 19.3 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.6 20.3 20.6 21.6 21.6 22.1 |
26.9 24.7 24.5 24.2 24.8 26.4 26.3 26.3 26.6 26.8 26.7 |
27.3 28.5 30.7 31.8 32.0 29.6 28.2 27.6 27.5 27.2 26.7 |
15.5 15.1 14.5 14.2 14.5 15.0 15.8 15.4 14.4 14.3 14.2 |
ROBBERY: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
6.7 6.5 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.8 8.1 8.4 8.8 9.2 |
37.6 38.0 36.9 36.0 35.1 34.1 33.7 32.5 31.9 31.9 31.0 |
24.6 23.7 23.7 23.7 24.4 24.3 23.6 24.0 24.0 23.2 22.8 |
18.0 18.2 19.0 19.9 20.0 21.0 21.4 21.8 21.7 21.8 22.2 |
13.1 13.6 13.0 13.0 13.1 13.1 13.7 13.5 14.0 14.3 14.7 |
DRUG:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
7.2 7.7 8.0 7.8 7.6 7.9 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.7 9.5 |
37.8 38.5 38.2 37.4 36.8 35.2 34.2 34.4 34.2 34.9 34.8 |
27.9 27.2 26.1 26.1 26.8 26.9 25.4 24.7 24.6 24.3 23.3 |
16.1 15.7 17.3 18.5 19.0 20.3 22.4 23.2 23.2 21.6 21.5 |
10.9 10.9 10.4 10.3 9.8 9.7 10.3 10.0 10.0 10.5 10.8 |
OVERALL:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
9.9 9.8 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.9 8.8 9.1 9.7 |
28.9 29.2 28.5 28.1 27.9 27.2 26.8 26.3 26.2 26.0 25.4 |
27.6 27.1 26.8 26.7 27.5 27.6 27.0 27.0 27.1 27.2 26.8 |
20.2 20.5 22.0 22.8 22.7 23.3 23.8 23.9 23.8 23.1 23.3 |
13.4 13.5 13.5 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.9 13.5 14.1 14.6 14.9 |
END-OF-YEAR | # | % | MEN % |
WOMEN % (#) |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HOMICIDE: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
4,393 4,318 4,553 4,771 4,695 4,814 4,881 5,036 5,010 5,081 5,130 |
20.0 18.9 20.1 21.5 21.9 21.9 22.2 23.1 23.5 23.9 24.1 |
96.0 96.5 96.3 95.8 95.7 95.6 95.8 95.8 95.9 96.0 95.5 |
4.0 (176) 3.5 (152) 3.7 (167) 4.2 (199) 4.3 (203) 4.4 (211) 4.2 (206) 4.2 (219) 4.1 (206) 4.0 (201) 4.5 (231) |
SEX:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
3,748 3,875 4,041 3,914 3,676 3,564 3,428 3,303 3,202 3,073 2,947 |
16.9 17.0 17.9 17.6 17.1 16.2 15.6 15.2 15.0 14.5 13.8 |
99.5 99.7 99.7 99.6 99.5 99.7 99.6 99.6 99.7 99.7 99.6 |
0.5 (17) 0.3 (10) 0.3 (14) 0.4 (15) 0.5 (17) 0.3 (12) 0.4 (14) 0.4 (13) 0.3 (9) 0.3 (10) 0.4 (12) |
ROBBERY: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
7,408 7,199 7,418 7,136 6,850 6,911 6,882 6,810 6,590 6,575 6,483 |
33.5 31.6 32.8 32.1 31.9 31.4 31.3 31.3 37.3 31.0 30.5 |
99.0 98.9 98.8 98.4 98.3 98.3 98.2 97.9 97.8 97.7 97.5 |
1.0 (89) 1.1 (82) 1.2 (88) 1.6 (115) 1.7 (118) 1.7 (116) 1.8 (125) 2.1 (144) 2.2 (144) 2.3 (149) 2.5 (161) |
DRUG:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
5,117 5,310 5,615 5,515 5,146 5,760 5,779 5,761 5,569 5,209 5,516 |
23.1 23.3 24.8 24.8 24.8 26.1 26.3 26.5 26.2 25.9 25.9 |
97.0 96.8 95.9 95.0 94.7 94.1 94.0 94.1 94.3 94.7 94.3 |
3.0 (163) 3.2 (172) 4.1 (228) 5.0 (273) 5.4 (291) 6.0 (343) 6.0 (346) 5.9 (342) 5.7 (317) 5.3 (294) 5.7 (313) |
END-OF-YEAR | FEDERAL JURISDICTION | AT ADMISSION | |
---|---|---|---|
HOMICIDE: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
42 YEARS (18-89) 42 YEARS (20-89) 43 YEARS (20-93) 43 YEARS (20-91) 42 YEARS (18-92) 41 YEARS (17-92) 43 YEARS (18-95) 43 YEARS (18-96) 44 YEARS (19-97) 44 YEARS (18-90) 45 YEARS (19-93) |
36 YEARS (16-87) 36 YEARS (18-84) 36 YEARS (18-84) 36 YEARS (18-84) 35 YEARS (14-92) 31 YEARS (14-87) 31 YEARS (15-87) 31 YEARS (15-86) 33 YEARS (15-87) 33 YEARS (15-81) 33 YEARS (15-85) |
SEX: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
41 YEARS (19-86) 42 YEARS (20-85) 43 YEARS (19-89) 46 YEARS (20-89) 43 YEARS (18-97) 43 YEARS (17-97) 44 YEARS (19-99) 44 YEARS (18-100) 44 YEARS (19-101) 44 YEARS (19-102) 45 YEARS (19-102) |
39 YEARS (15-85) 40 YEARS (18-82) 41 YEARS (18-81) 43 YEARS (19-83) 41 YEARS (14-82) 39 YEARS (14-81) 40 YEARS (15-80) 39 YEARS (15-82) 40 YEARS (15-82) 40 YEARS (15-82) 40 YEARS (18-83) |
ROBBERY: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
34 YEARS (16-78) 35 YEARS (19-78) 35 YEARS (19-79) 35 YEARS (19-75) 36 YEARS (17-81) 35 YEARS (17-82) 35 YEARS (18-84) 36 YEARS (18-85) 36 YEARS (18-86) 37 YEARS (18-87) 37 YEARS (18-88) |
31 YEARS (16-65) 33 YEARS (18-68) 33 YEARS (18-68) 33 YEARS (18-68) 33 YEARS (17-68) 31 YEARS (16-71) 31 YEARS (16-71) 31 YEARS (16-71) 32 YEARS (16-75) 33 YEARS (16-75) 33 YEARS (15-70) |
DRUG: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
36 YEARS (18-81) 36 YEARS (20-73) 37 YEARS (19-76) 38 YEARS (20-75) 37 YEARS (18-79) 36 YEARS (18-80) 37 YEARS (19-82) 38 YEARS (19-83) 38 YEARS (19-84) 38 YEARS (19-85) 38 YEARS (18-85) |
34 YEARS (17-74) 35 YEARS (18-71) 35 YEARS (18-73) 36 YEARS (19-69) 36 YEARS (18-78) 34 YEARS (17-82) 34 YEARS (17-73) 33 YEARS (16-74) 35 YEARS (18-79) 35 YEARS (19-80) 35 YEARS (17-73) |
END-OF-YEAR | CAUCASIAN % |
NATIVE % |
BLACK % |
ASIAN % |
OTHER % |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HOMICIDE: | 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
78.9 78.3 77.3 76.0 74.4 73.8 73.5 73.0 71.9 70.2 70.8 |
13.0 13.4 13.8 14.6 16.1 16.5 17.2 17.7 17.9 18.4 19.3 |
3.1 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.8 5.1 |
1.0 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 2.0 1.9 1.1 |
4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.1 3.7 3.6 3.8 4.7 3.8 |
SEX: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
76.2 76.0 74.1 73.4 71.1 70.8 70.8 71.8 70.0 68.9 69.1 |
16.5 16.5 17.8 19.0 19.9 20.0 21.1 20.5 20.9 21.9 22.0 |
4.5 4.4 4.5 4.7 5.1 5.1 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.4 |
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.4 1.3 0.3 0.2 |
2.5 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.4 2.7 2.3 2.6 4.5 2.4 |
ROBBERY: |
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
82.4 81.5 79.7 78.1 77.0 76.1 75.7 75.2 74.1 72.2 74.1 |
9.3 9.9 10.9 12.0 12.9 13.6 14.3 15.1 15.3 15.9 16.9 |
5.4 5.8 6.4 6.5 6.8 7.2 7.4 7.3 7.4 6.7 6.7 |
1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.9 0.7 1.4 0.3 0.4 |
1.8 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.9 4.8 1.9 |
DRUG:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
81.1 76.4 74.2 71.6 69.9 70.9 71.9 73.1 70.0 68.7 74.7 |
4.8 4.8 5.6 6.5 7.1 7.7 9.0 9.6 9.2 8.8 9.7 |
8.3 9.2 9.5 10.0 10.0 9.8 9.2 9.0 8.6 8.9 9.0 |
3.8 4.3 5.2 6.2 6.8 5.8 4.6 3.0 7.0 3.2 1.5 |
2.0 5.3 5.5 5.8 6.1 5.7 5.5 5.3 5.1 10.4 5.1 |
OVERALL:
|
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 |
78.3 77.0 75.2 73.1 71.6 71.6 72.4 72.7 70.9 69.8 72.1 |
10.5 10.9 12.0 13.2 14.0 14.4 15.0 15.5 15.4 15.6 16.7 |
5.5 6.0 6.3 6.4 6.7 6.7 6.5 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 |
1.9 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.1 2.7 2.1 1.6 3.4 1.0 1.0 |
3.8 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.6 4.6 3.9 3.8 3.9 7.2 3.9 |